136 
PONTIFICIAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM SCRIPTA VARIA - 2¢ 
1) In Fig. 2a the weight pn refers to each of the sugar mo- 
lecules, and similarly for the estimate x in Fig. 3a. In Fig. 4a 
the weight p holds only as an average for all of the nylon mo- 
lecules subject to observation, and similarly for its estimate x 
in Fig. sa. 
2) Let M be the (average) second order momentum of the 
molecules. For the sugar molecules the theoretical model illus- 
trated in Fig. 2a gives 
38) 
M =? 
and in the model illustrated by Fig. 3a a point estimate of M 
is given by 
(39) 
Mer 
For the nylon molecules the theoretical distribution gives, as 
Ulustrated in Fig. 4a, 
FAW 
) 
M =u 
+ 
Nonstochastic variables subject to exact observation. a) Molecular 
weight of sugar. b) Boys law PV —=c 
where ¢ is the standard deviation of the distribution. The 
simple point we wish to illustrate is that the inference (38) for 
2] Wold - pag. 22