11 
The percentage distribution of revenue and expenditure in 1876 and 
(928 was as follows: 
1876 
pct. 
Taxes . . . 17.1 
Customs . . . . . . . . . . 305 
Post, telegraphs and telephones. . 3.8 
Monopolies . . . . + . + . » 
Annual contribution from Denmark 30.4 » 
Other revenues. . . . . . . . 18.2 2.7 
Total 100.0 100.0 
Revenue : 
1876 
pct. 
Administration and Althingi 331 
Public health . . . . « . . . 122 
Post, telegraphs and telephones. . 7.3 
Other communications . . . . . " 
Church and education . . . . . 29.9 
Science, literature, and art. . . / 
industrial affairs . . . . . 3 26 
Social affairs . « . . . . . 
Pensions and allowances . . . . 10.2 
Interest on, and repayment of, Na- 
tional debt. . . . . . 
Other expenditure. . . . . . 
Total 100. 
1928 
pet. 
13.7 
7.3 
14.9 
13.6 
12.4 
1.6 
11.2 
8.3 
1.4 
10.9 
4.9 
100.0 
In 1876 salaries to officials accounted for the greater part of the 
expenditure, while in 1928 this item is comparatively much lower. Of 
he total expenditure Industrial affairs and communications represent 
about two-fifths, while administration, church and education are re- 
sponsible for rather more than one-fourth. To meet the steadily in- 
creasing expenditure, taxes, and especially customs duties, have been 
considerably raised. 
As regards the various items of revenue and expenditure in 1928 
the following remarks should be added: 
The taxes yielded 3.1 million krénur, or a little more than one-fifth 
of the revenue. This group includes the direct taxes, as the income 
and property tax; taxes on real estate; tonnage dues; ‘transfer-of-pro- 
perty* taxes, as e. g. legacy and stamp duties, and various other taxes 
of special nature, which may more or less be looked upon as pay- 
ments for certain privileges, as for example, light dues; perquisites,