of those wars is the present distribution of land between 
the races, and that this, combined with the legal restric- 
tion on land purchase, constitutes a continuous and ever- 
increasing compulsion upon Natives to labour for the 
benefit of White emplovers. 
INDIRECT COMPULSION BY INTERFERENCE 
WITH THE NATIVES OWNING OR SELLING 
CATTLE. 
“ As to cattle-owning,” the Labour Office Report states 
“there is a demand for restriction of the numbers held 
by individual Natives in South-West Africa, and the 
demand is supported by arguments tending to shew that 
such restriction would relieve the shortage in the labour 
market.” 
This suggests that another kind of restriction in the 
Union is having a similar effect. Mr. Payn, Member for 
Tembuland, speaking in the House of Assembly on the 
29th January “said that in the Transkei they had more 
than half the cattle of the Cape Province, yet in view of 
repressive legislation which had been introduced their 
cattle were valueless unless dead, when the hide could 
be sold. They had not had a case of East Coast fever 
for twelve years, and still they were not permitted to 
export. .. . If the Native was called upon to pay a 
heavy tax then he should be allowed to dispose of his 
products.” 
INDIRECT COMPULSION BY TAXATION. 
So impartial and influential a body as the Associated 
Chambers of Commerce last year passed the following 
resolution ““ (a) That the Native is sufficiently taxed 
through the Customs tariff ; (b) that the poll tax is out of 
proportion to the income tax levied on Europeans ; and 
(c) that the collection of the tax is expensive, irksome and 
unjust, causing inconvenience and annoyance to the 
Native who has paid the tax and to employers generally.” 
As Mr. Mowbray of Kimberley remarked in moving 
the resolution: ‘There are Natives in some instances 
getting as low a wage as £12, £15 or £18 a year, and being