*Q 
average earnings per head of workers in the occupations in these depart: 
ments as between Bombay and Ahmedabad. 
93. The second point is that none of the selected mills in Bombay 
returned any ““double-side ”” workers in the Slubbing, Inter and Roving 
Departments for the 1926 Census. In Ahmedabad, work in the Roving 
Department in all the 16 mills covered by the Enquiry was generally 
done on the ““double-side” system. In the Slubbing Department 
operatives were required to work two sides of a frame in seven mills and 
in the Inter Department in eight mills. According to the rational method 
of work, the saving effected in wages by retrenching a number of 
operatives and allocating more spindles or machines to the remaining 
operatives is divided proportionately between the workers and the 
mill. Naturally an operative who works two sides of a frame gets 
more wages than the operative who minds one side only. These facts 
require to be borne in mind when comparing the average earnings of 
Slubbing, Inter and Roving Frame Tenters as between Bombay and 
Ahmedabad. 
94. With regard to the comparison of the average earnings of Spinners 
isiders) and Weavers between Bombay and Ahmedabad, the character 
of the production in the two centres has an important bearing on the 
question. As the forms returned for the Enquiry for workers on Time 
Rates of wages gave no indication whatever with regard to qualities 
and quantities of yarn spun by individual operatives no figures are avail- 
able to show the character of the production in the Spinning Sections 
in any of the mills covered by the Enquiry. With regard to Weaving, 
the Ahmedabad mills supplied full information in connection with the 
counts of the Warp and Weft yarns used in the different kinds of cloth 
woven in May 1926, but as the Bombay Millowners Asscciation and the 
Sholapur Millowners did not consider it necessary for the individual 
mills to furnish the necessary data with regard to this it has not been 
possible to secure any comparative figures for the character of the 
production in the Weaving Department as between the three centres from 
the returns themselves. The “character of the production > has a very 
vital bearing on questions connected with rates of wages. Those mills 
which weave finer cloths pay better wages in every centre than 
chose mills which manufacture comparatively inferior sorts. As is 
well known, the cotton mills in Ahmedabad use comparatively 
more Uganda cofton than the Bombay mills in their mixing and, 
speaking generally, they produce yarns of higher counts and cloths 
of finer textures. This is amply illustrated by the figures in the two 
tables given below. The first table shows the percentages of the 
production of different counts of yarn spun to total production both in 
Bombay and in Ahmedabad and the second table shows the quantities 
of woven goods produced in Bombay and in Ahmedabad under the heads 
 Dhoties,” “ Shirting and Longecloth,” and “ Other Sorts,” and the 
percentage which the production in each group bears to the total 
production at the centre. Both sets of figures relate to the year 1926 
which was not disturbed by any general strikes at either centre,