What Europe Does for a Living 
279 
map of Europe. What parts of the country produce a large and varied 
supply of food in proportion to their area? Shade heavily the six or seven 
countries having the largest food supply in proportion to their area, shade 
lightly the next six or seven countries or parts of countries, and leave the 
rest unshaded. Remember that if the population is dense and the stand- 
ard of living high, a country may produce a great amount in proportion 
to its area, but only a little in proportion to its needs. 
The parts of Europe that raise raw materials. In this book the cot- 
ton map, Figure 7, is the only map of a raw material that is raised as a 
crop. The other chief vegetable or animal raw materials are : 
Wood, which can be raised abundantly in all parts of Europe except 
the three southern peninsulas and southern Russia. But it is rela- 
tively scarce in the densely populated parts of Europe, where the 
land is used for other purposes, and very abundant in the northern 
parts, where the population is scanty (Fig. 176). 
Wool, the distribution of which is shown by the map of sheep (Fig. 71). 
Hides, which come chiefly from cattle (Fig. 68). 
Rubber, which is a purely tropical product. 
Raw silk, produced abundantly in Italy; somewhat in southern 
France and Greece ; and a little in Spain, Austria, Hungary, Bul- 
garia, Yugoslavia, and Rumania. 
Flax, produced abundantly in Ireland, Belgium, and especially north- 
ern Russia ; somewhatin France, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia, 
Rumania, Poland, and the remainder of Russia; a little in Spain, 
[taly, Austria, Hungary, and Serbia; and not enough to mention 
in other countries. 
3. On the basis of these facts, prepare a table like that for food on the 
preceding page, and a map. 
As a producer of raw materials, how does Europe compare with itself as a 
producer of food? What parts are most productive ? 
The products that enter chiefly into the commerce of western Europe 
are foodstuffs and raw materials. 
5. Is this due to scanty production of these products at home? If it is 
due to some other cause. explain. 
i. 
The parts that produce minerals. The production of minerals in 
Europe is shown by the following maps in this book: 
Iron (Fig. 86) Gold and silver (Fig. 92) 
Coal (Fig. 99) Petroleum (Fig. 103) 
Zinc (Fig. 95) Lead (Fig. 94) 
Tin (Fig. 93) Copper (Fig. 91)