What Europe Does for a Living 
281 
The parts that engage in commerce. The following figures show the 
total foreign commerce per capita of countries of Europe in 1927 : 
ForeicN ComMeERCE PER Carita (1927) 
Austria . . 
Belgium . 
Bulgaria . . 
{Czechoslovakia 
Denmark . 
Finland . 
France . 
Germany 
Greece . 
Hungary 
[taly . 
Latvia 
$105 
188 
17 
78 
249 
90 
04 
no 
Netherlands . . . . 
Norway . 
Poland . 
Jortugal 
Rumania 
Russia. . 
Spain... 
Sweden . . 
Switzerland . 
United Kingdom 
Yugoslavia . 
$234 
155 
21 
25 
24 
5 
33 
141 
205 
219 
18 
11. Insert these figures on an outline map of Europe. Shade heavily the coun- 
tries where the foreign commerce amounts to more than $50 per capita, 
and lightly those where it amounts to from $30 to $50. Why do Den- 
mark, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom rank so high? 
How does this map compare with the map of manufacturing (Fig. 162) and 
with that showing density of population (Fig. 176)? Do you see in it any 
resemblance to your own maps showing where food, raw materials. and 
minerals are produced most abundantly? 
Rearrange the list of countries given above, placing them in the order 
of the amounts. Which countries stand highest, those that produce 
food. raw materials. or manufactured goods? 
Europe’s transportation facilities. In some parts of Europe a highly 
complex system of transportation has developed. Natural waterways 
are utilized, canals and railroads have been built. and fine roads have 
been constructed. 
14. Compare the maps showing density of population (Fig. 176), energy of 
peoples (Fig. 158), and percentage of population engaged in manufacturing 
Fig. 162). What part of Europe is most heavily shaded on the three 
maps? Now look at the map showing the main shipping routes of the 
world (Fig. 117). In what part of Europe would you expect to find the 
closest railway network? Why? 
15. 
Select the areas where transportation (a) by land, (b) by water, is best 
developed. How are these two areas related to each other? to the areas 
of most intense primary production and manufacturing? Explain what 
you find.