Borrowing and business in Australia

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 100624364X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-33077

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Merckel, Curt http://d-nb.info/gnd/1024684814

Title:: Der Weltverkehr und seine Mittel

Edition:: Zehnte, durch einen Nachtrag ergänzte Auflage, Sonderausgabe aus dem Buch der Erfindungen, Gewerbe und Industrien

Place of publication:: Leipzig

Publisher:: Verlag von Otto Spamer

Year of publication:: 1913

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 981 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Die Weltwirtschaft

Collection:: Economics Books

204 THE BALANCE OF INDEBTEDNESS, 1918-28 as a fair average for the freight upon the average inward cargo for the year 1926. This proportion of £21,000 upon £397,000 gives the estimate that freight charges amounted to 5-3 per cent. of the value of cargo carried. But expenses in Australian ports, other than cost of fuel, amounted to 21 per cent. of the gross freight which leaves the net freight charge at 4:2 per cent. of Tarte XLIV Freight Charges on Imports, 1920-8 Year. 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 Recorded value of ymports. £m. 98-974 163-802 103-066 131-758 140-618 157-143 151-638 164-717 148-117 Freight as per- centage of cargo (estimated). Price index. 1,363 1,038 959 1,061 1,029 1,008 1,000 992 a72 Freight index. 3,671 1,343 1,060 1,014 4,067 908 1,000 993 021 Freight as per- centage of cargo (correcied). & 54 4.6 4.0 43 3-8 4-2 4-2 2.9 Cost of inward freight. £m. 11-084 8-845 4-743 5-271 6-047 5-971 6-369 6-918 b-776 the invoice value of the typical cargo.l The method used by the customs authorities for arriving at the value of imports for revenue purposes adds 10 per cent. to the invoice value, and the figures should, strictly speaking, be reduced by one-eleventh. But, since the value of the typical cargo was obtained on the basis of the recorded figures, and the freight figures published by the steamship companies were reckoned as a percentage of the recorded value of imports, the customs figure has been retained in the next table. A lower cargo value and a higher L At first sight it is somewhat surprising that the cost of freight does not differ more widely for the Canadian and Australian trade. Rates of freight, however, are not determined on mileage alone, since the number of ports and the expenses in loading and discharging ships are important considerations for the shipowner. Conditions in the Canadian and the Australian trade are, in fact, vastly different. Ships sailing from Britain to Australia usually carry good cargoes of manufactures and both the outward and homeward voyages contribute fairly to the cost of the round trip. Cargoes to Canada, on the other hand, are usually very small, and a higher rate proportionately to distance is charged than for the Australian voyage. This seems to explain the relatively small difference between this figure and that of 3-5 per cent. obtained by Viner for Canada.

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