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The agricultural output of England and Wales 1925

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1752429486

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-127700

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Franklin, Benjamin http://d-nb.info/gnd/118534912

Title:: Essays of Benjamin Franklin

Place of publication:: New York

Publisher:: G. P. Putnam's Sons

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: xi, 273 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: II. The interest of Great Britain considered, with regard to her colonies and the acquisitions of Canada and Guadaloupe

Collection:: Economics Books

In striking contrast are those counties, mainly arable, where sheep were formerly a most important factor in the farming system. In the eastern counties the number of sheep fell during the period by 1,177,000 or 69 per cent., while the eastern and north-eastern counties combined, which in 1871-75 accounted for nearly 21 per cent. of the total, in 1921-25 only contained 12 per cent. As compared with immediately before the war the number of sheep has declined by rather less than 7 per cent. in the whole of England and Wales, but the reductions are very heavy in most Eastern and Southern counties. For example, the eastern division shows a reduction of 29 per cent. and Lincoln and Norfolk have decreases of 28 per cent. Wiltshire and Hampshire show declines of 34 and 33 per cent. and Berkshire, Dorset and Sussex have 26 to 30 per cent. less sheep than in 1913, It is apparent from these figures that the reduction in the sheep population has been most drastic in the arable counties and that sheep raising has continued to make headway or to hold its own in those areas where costs are low owing to the existence of extensive rough grazings. In Table 14 is shown the distribution of sheep per 1,000 acres of crops and grass in each county in 1925 and 1908. The number of sheep per 1,000 acres of cultivated land in 1925 in the whole of England and Wales was 620 against 720 in 1908. It is in connection with sheep that the extensive area of rough grazing land in the country is of chief importance, since most of this land consists of mountain land which is fitted for little else but sheep pasturage. Hence the figures, showing the distribution of sheep per 1,000 acres of crops and grass, excluding rough grazing land, tend to exaggerate the density of the sheep population in those counties in which the area of rough grazings bears the greatest ratio to that of cultivated land. Over the whole country the number of sheep per 1,000 acres, including rough grazings, in 1925 was 519 against 620 per 1,000 acres of crops and permanent grass. In Wales the corresponding numbers were 885 and 1,395, and in those northern counties where the density of sheep per 1,000 acres of cultivated land is very high there are similar wide differences. Northumberland had 947, Cumberland 742 and Westmorland 919 per 1,000 acres including rough grazings against 1,690, 1,231 and 1.837 respec- tively, as shown in Table 14. In Map XIII is shown the distribution of sheep per 1,000 acres of crops and grass (excluding rough grazings) in 1925. Northumberland and Westmorland are the only counties in England to exceed 1,600 per 1,000 acres, but six counties in Wales exceed this figure. Cumberland and Glamorgan come next with less than 1,300 each, and Kent and Cardigan are the only other counties with over 1,000 sheep per 1,000 acres of cultivated land. There are less than 400 per 1,000 acres in practically half of the counties in England, but no counties with

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