Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VI. Relief of sick and wounded soldiers

Collection:: Economics Books

122 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR Both the Unions of Zemstvos and of Towns approved these recom- mendations and appointed a mixed commission of their own repre- sentatives and specialists on nervous diseases to put the plan into effect. The commission got in touch with the zemstvos and obtained con- trol of 1,045 beds set aside by the lunatic asylums in addition to those which they had previously put at the disposal of the Ministry of the Interior. But for this work, again, no credits were granted to the Zemstvo Union, under the pretext that this service had been en- trusted entirely to the Red Cross. It was impossible, therefore, to realize the carefully prepared plan. Nevertheless, the care of the mentally afflicted soldiers fell mainly on the shoulders of the zem- stvos. In addition to expanding the already existing zemstvo hos- pitals for mental cases, new ones were opened up. Such was, among others, the hospital opened on' August 26, 1914, by the Moscow provincial committee of the Zemstvo Union, with a capacity of 150 beds. Very soon this hospital was compelled to perform the func- tions of a clearing center for the entire northwestern area. In War- saw and Vilna the Red Cross had organized two central reception hospitals to which all mental cases from the German front were di- rected. From these hospitals they were transferred to the lunatic asylum of the Moscow committee of the Zemstvo Union, where they were carefully examined and, after a period of observation, con- veyed in specially equipped railway cars to various zemstvo asy- lums. Altogether, 540 patients passed through this hospital during the first six months of the War; within the same period there passed through all the mental institutions of Moscow about 1,300 patients, of whom about one-half were fresh recruits under observation, as well as army criminals and cases from the local garrison. About 650 soldiers were stricken in the war zone, and of these about five-sixths passed through the hospital referred to above. Thence the patients, accompanied by specially trained nurses, would be evacuated to the zemstvo asylums of Voronezh, Ryazan, Kostroma, Kursk, Tver, and Moscow. Officers constituted 15 per cent of all admissions. The asylums had usually courtyards or gardens, so that the patients were able to spend much time in the open. Under the supervision of the nurses, the patients helped to make bandages and were occupied

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