Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter V. The Zemstvos and the Zemstvo Union

Collection:: Economics Books

76 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR priations made by the zemstvos may have been influenced by the degree of patriotic sentiment that inspired one zemstvo or another. Another and more tangible influence, however, should be noted, namely, the extent to which the local population may have been burdened with zemstvo taxes. This probably explains why, of eight provinces whose zemstvos made maximum war appropriations as compared with the total of their appropriations (more than 20 per cent),! six provinces belonged to the group in which the zemstvo institutions were only recently introduced and the burden of local taxation was, therefore, relatively light. Conversely, all those prov- inces which had made the lowest appropriations for war needs (less than 10 per cent) belonged to the old zemstvo provinces. Zemstvo appropriations during the first period of the War (up to 1916) were distributed among the individual items as shown in the following table: Zemstvo Appropriations in 191-1915. Items Relief of sick and wounded Relief of families of soldiers and care of war orphans Relief of population in war zone Expenditure connected with mobilization of zem- stvo employees Other war expenditure Miscellaneous Total In rubles 14,718,200 Percentage of total 45.9 10,726,400 617,700 33.5 1.9 8.0 8.1 2.6 82,056,100 100.0 In 1916 and 1917 the zemstvo appropriations for the first item were considerably reduced. After 1914-1915, when the zemstvos ap- propriated nearly 15,000,000 rubles for the relief of wounded and sick soldiers, it was impossible to foresee what proportions the War would assume or how long it would last. This sum, therefore, seemed enormous at that time. As time went on, however, it was seen that, no matter what amount of money the zemstvos might appropriate, it would be absolutely insignificant relatively to the vast extent of ! Kharkov, Perm, Orenburg, Astrakhan, Kiev, Podolia, Minsk, Mogilev. 2 Olonets, Novgorod, Pskov, Vladimir, Ufa, Taurida.

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