RECENT IMMIGRANTS IN AGRICULTURE 
IOI 
ployment in the textile manufacturing localities of 
New England, the iron and steel, glass, clothing and 
coal producing cities and towns of the Middle and 
Western States. They have also penetrated to the 
West and Northwest and constitute in those sections 
the greater part of the operating forces of the mining 
and manufacturing establishments. There is scarcely 
an industrial community of any importance outside 
°f the Southern States which has not its colony of 
Italians, Slavs, Hungarians and numbers of other 
races of recent immigration. In all sections the im 
migrant colonies are marked by a high degree of 
congestion and unsatisfactory and often unsanitary 
living conditions. The earnings of husbands are not 
sufficient to maintain an independent form of family 
life. Wives and children are at work in the mills and 
factories. Sleeping and living rooms of the house 
holds are crowded with boarders and lodgers who 
have been taken into the homes in order to supple 
ment the family income. The significance of the 
entire industrial situation is that our manufacturing 
a nd mining localities are congested with an alien 
Population of agricultural training and manner of 
life, while our farming communities are clamoring 
for more labor which they are unable to secure. 
Why the Immigrant Does Not Go to the Land 
When it is recalled that practically all of our immi 
grants of recent years are of non-English-speaking 
races, the principal reason for their failure to settle 
u Pon the land is apparent. They do not wish to be 
come separated from members of their own race, 
npon whom they not only depend for an expression