re Essays 9 
half per cent. ad valorem, for the use of us and our 
successors. And, that the said duty may more effect- 
ually be collected, we do hereby ordain that all ships 
or vessels bound from Great Britain to any other 
part of the world, or from any other part of the world 
to Great Britain, shall in their respective voyages 
touch at our port of Koningsberg, there to be un- 
laden, searched, and charged with the said duties. 
“ And whereas there hath been from time to time 
discovered in the said island of Great Britain, by our 
colonists there, many mines or beds of iron-stone; 
and sundry subjects of our ancient dominion, skilful 
in converting the said stone into metal, have in time 
past transported themselves thither, carrying with 
‘hem and communicating that art; and the inhabi- 
tants of the said island, presuming that they had a 
natural right to make the best use they could of the 
natural productions of their country for their own 
benefit, have not only built furnaces for smelting the 
said stone into iron, but have erected plating-forges, 
slitting-mills, and steel-furnaces, for the more conven- 
ient manufacturing of the same; thereby endangering 
a diminution of the said manufacture in our ancient 
dominion; we do therefore hereby further ordain 
that, from and after the date hereof, no mill or other 
engine for slitting or rolling of iron, or any plating- 
forge to work with a tilt-hammer, or any furnace for 
making steel, shall be erected or continued in the said 
island of great Britain. And the lord-lieutenant of 
every county in the said island is hereby commanded, 
on information of any such erection within his county, 
773] 16.