35 
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a 
12. Industrial Organisation. 
The commercial agreements, within the electrical industry, 
are confined to a few products and are restricted to national 
limits. Only in two spheres is there an understanding and 
organisation embracing the business throughout the world, 
namely, for wireless telegraphy and incandescent lamps. In 
view of the importance of both agreements, and their value 
as models, their development and scope are fully described 
below. 
A. Agreement Relating to Wireless Tele- 
graphy. 
The patent dispute between Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph 
Company in London and the Telefunken Gesellschaft in Berlin 
terminated in 1912 in an arrangement which provided for 
mutual interchange of patents throughout the world on an 
absolutely equal basis. 
This agreement ceased to operate with the outbreak of 
war. But only a year after the end of the war, the parties to 
this agreement had met again. The agreement was then ex- 
tended, in as much as the Telefunken Gesellschaft’ was in- 
cluded in the Société Anonyme Internationale de Télégraphie 
sans Fil (S. A. I. T.), which organises and controls the operation 
of wireless installations on all vessels of the European Mer- 
cantile Marine, with the exception of those countries in which 
national shipping wireless companies already existed, such as 
England, Germany and France. At the same time the French 
Company, which had in the meantime become independent, 
joined the new international Company, so that from this 
moment all questions relating to marine traffic could be dealt 
with uniformly. Very shortly afterwards the French Company 
agreed to a mutual exchange of patent rights between Germany 
and France, and this example was followed by the Radio Cor- 
poration of America. By 1921 affairs between the four world 
firms had been so far regulated, that each of the companies 
had the right to use the patents of the other companies, each