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regarded as a world. agreement, both as regards the parties 
between whom it exists, and as regards the scope of its operation. 
[ts aims and object are to secure the co-operation of all parties 
concerned, for the purpose of the more economical utilisation 
of their combined manufacturing facilities in the manufacture 
of lamps, establishment and maintenance of a standard quality, 
increased economic efficiency in the distribution of output, 
greater technical efficiency of electric lighting, and furthering 
the use of electric light to the benefit of the consumer. 
With this object in view an unlimited mutual exchange of 
inventions and experience has been agreed upon. By this 
means each of the members concerned, has the advantage of 
the use of the inventions and experience of all the others. On 
the other hand, the party who produces an invention or improve- 
ment receives due recompense. Each member has the right 
to inspect the factories of the others, to observe all improve- 
ments, and to adopt such improvements as may be practicable. 
Definite and exact rules have been formulated for the regulation 
of this exchange, and an arbitration committee has been set 
up to deal with cases in which the parties concerned are unable 
to agree upon the amount of compensation. 
A second means to the same end is the dividing up of the 
business of the world. For this purpose the proportion of the 
total to be allotted to each member is decided on the basis 
of actual turnover during one particular year. This turnover 
and the proportionate share in the total increase in the volume 
of world trade is then secured to the member. The further 
development of business in special industrial areas is provided 
for, by the formation, of special quotas within the limits of 
the world quota, certain manufacturing or consuming coun- 
tries or groups of countries, being dealt with specially in order 
to promote business in such areas. 
The idea of a common sales’ organisation was vetoed, as 
it was held that the objects of the agreement could be attained 
without this, and that it was not desirable to restrict the in- 
dividual member in his business methods more than was ab- 
solutely necessary. The agreement is however sufficiently 
flexible to enable a joint sales’ organisation to be set up in in- 
dividual areas where this step is necessary. 
The fixing of prices is neither a condition, nor an integral 
part of the agreement. This is left to organisations established 
for the separate countries. 
Special importance is attached to providing consumers 
throughout the world with the best possible light at the cheapest 
possible prices. With this object in view, efforts are being