NEW MALTHUSIANISM 105 
and that great wisdom and insight are needed to attain 
to satisfactory adjustments. . 
Although the large and relatively unoccupied spaces 
in Asia, Africa, South America and Australia could 
perhaps be used, for some little time, to meet shortages 
in the food-supplies, the existing rate of increase will 
soon exhaust these, and it is not to be forgotten that 
many countries are NOt even Now able to meet their 
own requirements by means of such agriculture as 
they can possibly develop, a feature which has already 
been considered. The food-supply and bther supplies 
necessary to maintain whatever state of civilisation is 
adhered to, and the finding of profitable occupation 
for human beings, mean that there will always be a 
pressure against unrestricted increase. The form which 
the newer Malthusianism endeavours to take account 
of, is the necessary adjustment to the complex of 
modern conditions. It endeavours, also, to formulate 
ideas as to the nature of the problem which urgently 
needs solution, if the human race is in any way to 
minimise the evils which are now threatening. 
When we remember that throughout the world, 
enterprising men, driven by the spirit of world-com- 
petitions, are considering the futures of their activities, 
are asking, “ What will be the needs of the industries 
upon which they depend?” and “ What opportunities 
still exist for further profitable activity ? ”—we see that 
these questions involve a wide outlook and an interest 
in other peoples’ countries and conditions, if they are 
to be answered satisfactorily. In this connection has 
arisen a matter that has given pause to all economic 
thinkers with vision. ‘This is what has been called the 
“ anonymity of capital.” The fact that the uses and 
applications of capital are not associated with particular 
persons, nor are they collateral with particular nation- 
ality, has also shown that the economic organisation of 
the world is, at present, very unsatisfactory. This was