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the Government remains paternalistic and the Moroccans
advise rather than control the various functions and sub-
divisions of government, the Government is distinctly
that of a Protectorate and not that of a French colony.
General Lyautey has so far successfully resisted the tendency
of the French to assimilate their colonies and to govern
them from Paris. Morocco is practically free from the
tutelage of those French bureaus ‘which, incapable of
stopping the bad, serve precisely to impede the good”?!
in the administration of Algeria. President Millerand
during his visit to Morocco early in 1922 emphasized the
French Protectorate and General Lyautey summed up its
meaning as follows:
To give to these people the certitude that our presence does not
mean and will never mean their subjection; that there remains
and will remain a nation, preserving its institutions, its traditions
— and above all, that to which it is most profoundly attached, its
religious tradition — evolving in normal course. Assured of this
guarantee, it recognizes sincerely the benefits which our association
with it brings to it. All in Morocco remember still the anarchy of
yesterday, the insecurity of person and property, the difficulty of
communications, the burdens placed upon commerce and industrial
and agricultural development, the ignorance in which were held
not only the mass but also the élite. This people, laborious, re-
markably open to progress, merits in no respect the reputation of
hatred of foreigners which legend has given to it, is prodigiously
interested in the economic development which these last ten years
have brought to it, and there are indeed few among the Moroccans
who desire to return to the past. The adhesion and the sympathy
which the élite of the youth in our colleges brings to us, our ad-
ministrations and our enterprises, gives a manifest proof of this,?
But while Morocco remains under the Foreign Office
in comparative independence, signs are not wanting of a
1 Arthur Girault, Principes de Colontsation, vol. 8, p. 781.
2 Ie Président Millerand dans le Nord Africain, Preface by General
Lyautey, p. 2.
