CONTENTS

Introduction .
Chapter I. Origin and Organization of Zemstvo Institutions .
Local Government before the Reform of 1864. The Reform of
1864. Provincial and District Zemstvos. Nature of Work. The
Zemstvos and the Central Government. The Zemstvo Act of
1890. Controversy over Taxation on Schools. Need of a Reform.
 Association of Zemstvos. Political Activities. Effects of the
Revolution of 1905. The Zemstvos after 1905.
Chapter II. Activities of the Zemstvo Institutions on the Eve of
the War . . .
Revenue and Expenditure. Education. Public Health. Orphanages.
 Veterinary Service. Assistance to Farmers. Fire Insurance
and Prevention. Road Construction and Maintenance. Postal
and Telephone Service. Conclusions.
Chapter III. Origin and Organization of the All-Russian Union
of Zemstvos . .
Public Organizations for the Relief of War Sufferers. The
Zemstvos in the Russo-Japanese War. The Outbreak of the
Great War. Organization of the Union of Zemstvos.
Chapter IV. General Outline of the Work of the Union of
Zemstvos .
The First Steps. Hospital Supplies. Equipment. Medical Goods
and Surgical Instruments. Evacuation of Wounded and Sick
Soldiers. Hospital Trains. Field Detachments and Canteens.
Committees of the Front. Scope of the Work. Relations with the
Army. Growth of Expenditure. Munitions and War Material.
Chapter V. The Zemstvos and the Zemstvo Union . . .
Local Support. Appropriations of the Zemstvos for War Purposes.
 Local Institutions of the Union. Provincial and District
Committees. Institutions for Smaller Areas. The Zemstvos and
the Government. Conferences of the Union of Zemstvos. Local
Feelings.
Chapter VI. Relief of Sick and Wounded Soldiers .
Evacuation. A Statistical Illustration. War-Time Hospitals. Description
 of Casualties. Zemstvo Hospitals for Special Purposes:
Lunatic Asylums. Other Hospitals for Special Treatments.
Treatment for Tuberculosis. Spas. Relief for Disabled Soldiers.

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