NEW QUEBEC OR UNGAVA 
121 
shore of Hudson bay and on the banks of the Eastmain river. A band 
running parallel to the coast and 200 miles inland, along the Kaniapiskau 
river, is also known to contain large deposits of iron, but the intervening 
country has never been prospected. 
Rocks resembling the Sudbury or Timiskaming series cover large 
areas. The lack of soil and forest cover in many places should make 
prospecting comparatively easy, but the difficulties of transportation and 
labour are too great for present development. So far as can be seen the 
rock conditions in Ungava are similar to those which have caused the 
economic deposits of the Grenville, Timiskaming, Huronian, Animikie, 
and Keweenawan series of Ontario and Southern Quebec, deposits which 
have placed these areas among the greatest mining regions of the world. 
Analyses of a large number of surface samples of the hematite-magne- 
tite ores of the Nastapoka islands show an iron content, for the better 
grades of 30 to 40 per cent. All the beds may not be equally rich, but the 
greater part of them on all the islands appear to be sufficiently so to cons- 
titute a valuable ore for the manufacture of spiegeleisen. The great 
abundance of the ore is a prime feature, the ironstone beds being spread 
over the greater area of the islands. The islands being destitute of timber 
and the rocks much shattered by frost and weather, the ore may be 
gathered in inexhaustible quantities. The high percentage of manganese 
(3.5 per cent) in these ores, renders them valuable for the manufacture 
of spiegeleisen. 
Specimens of ore from the Koksoak river show from 19 to 54 per cent 
of metallic iron and contain no titanic acid. To the south of Swampy 
Bay river, exposures of ironbearing rocks is almost continuous, and the 
amount of ore in sight must be reckoned by hundreds of millions of tons. 
The ore is not everywhere high grade, and probably a large proportion 
of it would be unprofitable to work, but there is certainly an almost in- 
exhaustible supply of high-grade ores. 
Fisheries of Hudson Bay.—In course of time it may be found that 
the fisheries of Hudson bay will prove to be its greatest natural resource. 
There is every reason to hope that, when railway communication has been 
established with James bay, a fishing industry may be developed equal to 
that of Labrador and the banks of Newfoundland. 
Sea-run brook trout, whitefish superior in flavour to those taken in 
lake Superior, weighing from 1 to 6 pounds, are found abundantlv along 
the entire coast to cape Wolstenholme. 
Arctic trout or Hearne salmon are found along the northern coast as 
far south as Seal river. This is a beautiful fish with well-flavoured, dark 
pink flesh, and it varies in weight from 1 to 15 pounds, the average being 
about 5 pounds. These fish are salted at Chimo on Ungava bay and