SELECTION OF EXAMINATIONS §; 
tions, or the choice of items. A test of “imagination” in- 
cluded in a battery of tests for salesmen gets readier accep- 
tance when labeled “foresight.” The directions may call 
attention to the analogy between job and test or they may 
set up a hypothetical situation in which the applicant is to 
place himself. The items may often be so worded or con- 
structed as to refer directly to the job without injury to the 
purpose of the test. 
To repeat, the investigator should make it his aim not 
only to construct his tests with some regard to their analogy 
with the vocational requirements, but should also motivate 
the applicant by so wording or arranging his test material 
or directions as to make their relevancy to the job apparent. 
SOURCES OF MATERIAL 
The more profitable sources of material are listed in this 
section. In addition, the investigator may run across sug- 
gestive material in newspapers and magazines, or by brows- 
ing in stores or factories. His originality will be shown by 
his success in adapting these materials to his needs. We 
shall deal here with some of the sources of completed tests, 
or of material from which tests, questionnaires, and rating 
scales may be devised. 
The vocational apparatus. The equipment or materials 
used by the worker on the job may often be adapted to test 
purposes. If the apparatus is costly or cumbersome it will 
be possible to test only one man at a time. Reproductions 
of small parts of the equipment may be used for test pur- 
poses, permitting the testing of groups. Sometimes pictures 
may be substituted for the actual apparatus in testing. 
Sources for illustrations are text-books or manuals of the 
trade, trade journals, trade catalogs, or photographs, dia- 
grams, and sketches specially prepared. 
Former studies of the vocation. It goes without saying 
that the investigator should be familiar with all the previous 
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