SEMAINE D'ETUDE SUR LE ROLE DE L ANALYSE ECONOMETRIQUE ETC. 
"079 
would necessarily mean that most of the people will be deprived 
of medical services in underdeveloped countries for a very long 
time. A two-tier approach with a junior cadre of medical per- 
sonnel with, say, three or four years’ training, together with a 
much smaller number of physicians with university training, 
would make it possible to spread medical services much wider 
and much faster. This would be equally true in many other 
lines of technical work. A two or even a three-tier approach 
with a higher, a medium, and even a third level of workers 
who have had a very quick and specialized training, would be 
not only within the means of the underdeveloped countries but 
may be even more effective, because, in the still backward 
conditions of the country, the lower level workers would be 
much nearer to the general population and would be able to 
work in closer touch with them. This would be particularly 
true in agricultural extension and other services which would 
bring the technical workers into contact with large sections of 
‘he population. 
7.5. Government expenditure: Government expenditure 
often tends to become unduly large in underdeveloped countries 
owing to the adoption of the much higher standards of advanced 
countries. This leads to unnecessarily high scales of wages and 
salaries for government employees or costly public buildings; 
which, in its turn, would increase the feeling of separation 
between government and the people, and hamper national in- 
tegration. 
7.6. Labour legislation: As production becomes modern- 
ized and factories and enterprises grow in numbers and in size, 
it would be necessary to develop labour legislation and regulat- 
lons to ensure that labour secures a fair share of the surplus, 
and also to ensure working conditions being maintained reaso- 
nably safe and healthy. Legislation in imitation of the more 
advanced countries, at too early a stage, may, however, lead 
to increasing inefficiency of performance, especially, in coun 
vq) Mahalanobis I - pag. 11