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x viii ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

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§ 10. The general case, where both are present . . : . 281
§ 11. Difficulties in practice . . . . . 283
§ 12. Enumeration of causes affecting capital- value . . . 284
§ 13. Effect of chance on the form of the *‘ discount curve . . 286
§ 14. Effect of chance on bookkeeping . . : . . . 287
§ 15. Five methods of avoiding risk . . . ’ . . . 288
§ 16. The method of guaranties . . > . . ? . 288
§ 17. The method of safeguards : . . . . . . 289
§ 18. The method of increasing knowledge  . : . . . 291
§ 19. The method of insurance . . . . . . . 20
§ 20. Forms of insurance . . . 294
§ 21. Shifting risks to speculators. Dangers of Tuliative speonlations 295
§ 22. Buying and selling futures v . . . . : . 208
CHAPTER XVII
SumMARY oF Parr III BY MEANS oF DIAGRAMS
§ 1. Mode of representation adopted . : . . : 303
§ 2. Capital-value as discounted income . . . 304
§ 3. Capital-value as mean between past cost and — income . 305
§ 4. How to combine capital curves . . . . 3 . 309
§ 5. Resultant in case of interactions . . . . 311
§ 6. Application to summation of capital of fodtvidugls. . . 314
§ 7. Application to summation of capital of society v . . 8316
§ 8. An ‘interaction’ as preparatory to enjoyable services . . S17
§ 9. The risk element . . . . . . . . . 820
CHAPTER XVIII
GENERAL SUMMARY
§ 1. Picture of capital and income . . ‘ . . : . 3823
§ 2. Summation of capital and income . . 824
§ 3. Subjective counterparts of objective cardial and income . . 326
§ 4. Relative changes in values of capital and income . : 89%
§ 5. Final summary : . . : . . . v . 328

GLOSSARY

SuMMARY OF DEFINITIONS . . . A . o . 329