54 
EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY 
that the existence of these three functions should soon 
become apparent. The first experiment was concerned 
with inspectors, and, although it was originally confined 
to one shop only, its scope rapidly extended oyer a group 
of other shops which were devoted entirely to inspection 
of a very similar nature. The present experiment was 
made in the field of assembling and consists of an attempt 
to discover tests bringing out the essential qualities which 
go to make a successful assembler. 
The assembling with which this experiment was con 
cerned was that of small gun parts. The particular in 
fluence which led up to the experiment was the belief that 
a large amount of the assembling hitherto done by men 
could be done just as well by women. This was at the 
time when the substitution of women for men had become 
a critical matter in the war industries. The experimenter 
found that this opinion had already been conceived and 
worked out by the general foreman of the assembling shops. 
This foreman had made a careful analysis of the work and 
had made up a program according to which women were 
to be introduced. However, the question which still re 
mained to be answered was: What kind of girls will be 
able to do this work and how are they to be obtained? 
This was the question which the psychologist was particu 
larly anxious to answer. 
Since there were no girls doing this work at the time it 
was impossible to do what had been done in the previous 
experiment; that is, try out a set of tests on a group of 
workers in order to discover certain significant tests. If 
a sufficiently large group of men had been doing this work, 
it might have been possible to try tests out on them. Then, 
if any tests were discovered to have a high correlation, 
they could be given to girl applicants on the assumption