WORKING CONDITIONS. 145 
TABLE 44.—AvVERAGE NUMBER PER EsrapLisaMext, During Busy SEASON, OF 
EMpLoyEES 16 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER IN ALL DEPARTMENTS, INCLUDING SUPER- 
INTENDENTS, FOREMEN, CLERKS, AND GENERAL HELP, BY GROUPS AND BY SEX, 
AND Piece axp Tmie Workers—Continued. 
Pieceworkers. Time workers. Total. 
Establishments. Groups. | 
Male. | 1 | Total. | Male. | Fe- | Total. Male. | — les, 
em EE - mm rnem 
In New York City, 
having net sales of— 
Less than $100,000. El 6 17.7 | 17.7 3.61 31.1 [W34.7 3.6| 48.8 52.4 
$100,000 and less | | 21 43.7 | 45.8 6.21 26.8 ("33.00% 83 | 70.3 78.8 
than $200,000. | 
SID nd Jess] [0 erermenis 5 70.6 | 781) 14.8] 50.6 5.41 1531827 18.5 
than $400,000. 
$400,000 and over... . a... a 1.0 | 106.7 | 107.7 | 34.0 | 149.2 | 183.2 35.0 | 255.9 + 290.9 
yutside New York City, 
having net sales of— 
Less than $100,000. ¥ .cceeeen-- .6 1 41.7 42.3 5.7 8.00 13.7 6.3 | 49.7 56.0 
$100,000 and less VI..........| " | 78.6 2 tl 20.8 | 27.2 6.4 | 99.4 105.8 
than $200,000. 
$200,000 ard less VIF geounsss} g | 172.0 | 172.8 | 15.51 30.0 | 45.5] 16.3 | 202.01 218.3 
than $400,000. 
$400,000 and over.. VIIL........l « 322.0 | 322.0! 5171216.7 268.4 | 51.7 1538.71 590.4 
1 The average of the number of male workers is too small to show. 
In Table 44 the striking fact is shown that, of establishments 
hrving about the same amount of net sales, the establishments in 
New York City have much fewer employees than the establishments 
elsewhere. This is true of all Sous, as will be seen by comparing 
the Segal of all workers in Group I with those in Group V, gy 
II with Group VI, Feonp III with Group VII, and Group IV wit 
Group VIII. “The great differences shown indicate that the product 
of the factories in New York City is made of much finer materials 
and sells for a higher average price than the product of factories 
olsewhere. It is also due in a.measure to the fact that a greater 
amount of work is given out by contract in New York City than 
elsewhere. 
WEEKLY AND HOURLY WAGES. 
Agents of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, 
have obtained data regarding the wages of employees in two estab- 
lishments that manufacture muslin underwear in New York City. 
These two establishments were among those in that city which paid 
the highest wages or piece prices. Both of them had agreements with 
the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union. The pay rolls 
of these establishments were examined for 12 months—from April, 
1913, to March, 1914—and a_ record was made of the number of 
weeks worked by each direct labor employee and of the amount of 
wages that each one received each week. The data thus collected 
appear in Bulletin 183, Regularity of Employment in the Women’s 
Ready-to-Wear Garment Industry, issued by the Bureau of Labor 
Statistics. The data are shown in condensed form in Tables 45 
and 46. 
6743°—1 510