x PORT ECONOMICS

which the seller is responsible for conveyance to the ship’s side and
the purchaser is responsible for any cost of placing on board and
all attendant and subsequent charges.

Freeboard. The height of a ship’s gunwale above the water line,
measured amidships.

Free on Board (F.O.B.). Conditions of sale under which the
seller is responsible for all charges up to and including the placing
of the goods on board a vessel. It differs from F.A.S. by the
amount of lifting charges and port rates and dues.

Free on Rail (F.O.R.) and (F.O.T.). Terms of sale covering the
price of the goods and all charges until placed in railway trucks.

Free Port. A zone, or area, at a port set apart for the reception
of dutiable goods pending their re-export. Goods deposited in this
zone are free from Customs’ duties unless they are taken inland, in
which case the duties become payable.

Freight Note. Particulars furnished by a shipowner or broker,
giving weights and measurements of cargo with amount of freight.

Freight Release. An authorization issued by a shipping company
to a dock superintendant or ship’s officer enabling goods to be
delivered to a person indicated.

Gunny or Gunny Bag. A term used for rough sacking or other
coarse material of jute used largely in the form of bags for packing
purposes.

In Transit. Goods in transit are imported goods passing overland
from one port to another for re-exportation.

Jerque Note. A Customs certificate that all cargo reported has
been completely discharged and that no un-entered goods have
been discovered.

Knot. Rate of speed equivalent to one nautical mile per hour.
It is not a measure of distance.

Lading, Bill of. See Bill of Lading.

Lay Days. A period of days agreed between owner and charterer
of a vessel for the purpose of loading and unloading, after which
demurrage is incurred.

Lloyd's. The leading Association of Underwriters.

Lloyd's Registry. A body which undertakes surveying and
classing of ships for the service of underwriters.

Manifest. A statement in detail of the cargo contained in the
vessel, giving particulars of identification numbers, marks, number
of packages, name of ship, name of consignee, weight or total
measurement of goods, rate of freightage, and place of payment.
A copy has to be supplied to H.M. Customs on clearance inwards or
within six days of a vessel's clearance outwards.

Out Port. Strictly, any port in Great Britain outside London,
but sometimes applied to the outlying ports of a more considerable
port. Thus Sheerness is an outport of London. and Garston of
Liverpool.

Overside Delivery. The delivery of goods direct from a vessel
into a lighter alongside or into another vessel without being landed
on the quay.

Parcel of Cargo. A quantity of cargo sufficient to form a single
sling or lift of a crane.

Pratique. A certificate of health issued by the Medical Officer of
Health in cases where the captain makes a declaration that no

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