Eo MIGRATION AND BUSINESS CYCLES 
the reader should in each case take into consideration the basis 
upon which the given comparison rests. 
In Chart 20, we have a comparison on a twelve-month basis; 
CHART 20 
CUMULATIVE MIGRATION AND HART'S ESTIMATE oF CHANGES IN 
UNEMPLOYMENT IN NON-AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS: 
Totals for twelve months ending in given month 
"CHANGE IN UNEMPLOYMENT 
dhoye zero line =decrease 
in number unemploved. 
yt =. 
1 | : ' i : 
{, | 
Sl 
St 
A _CHANGE IN UNEMPLOYMENT! 3m 
Below zero line= increase 
«, In number unemployed. 
Sh : P= aly 0 
| 
. | Ey 
1904 7908 [1909] 1910 7912 | 1913 | 1914 | 
«Sources: Male immigrants computed from Appendix Table IL. 
Net alien arrivals computed from Table 24. 
Unemployment change, computed from estimates made by Professor 
Hornell Hart, see Chapter IIL. 
that is, each point on the male immigration curve represents the 
aggregate immigration of the preceding twelve months (including 
the given month) and each point on the unemployment curve repre- 
sents the increase or decrease in the number unemployed in non- 
agricultural pursuits, as estimated by Professor Hart. For example, 
in the twelve months ending in January, 1903, unemployment is 
estimated to have decreased one million and in the same twelve 
months 527,000 male immigrants arrived. It should be noted that 
on this chart when the unemployment curve is below the line, it 
represents an increase in unemployment; when above, a decrease. 
12