3 MIGRATION AND BUSINESS CYCLES 
failure of emigration to increase markedly in this depression period 
are probably the unsettled political and economic conditions in 
Europe and the anticipation of the effect of restrictive immigration 
laws in making it more difficult for those who left to return later. 
CHART 31 
SHOWING THE GREATER CYCLICAL FLUCTUATIONS IN THE 
EMIGRATION OF UNSKILLED LABORERS AS COMPARED 
Wit EmicranTs Having No OCCUPATION 
Three-month moving average of index numbers, corrected for seasonal 
variation, with 1913 monthly average= 100 
200 - : 
: | 
1X) | 
> 150 —— 
:. 100 |S Zoi i: X Na 4 ! 
Lr pe I 
WN 50 - —! : 
C | : 
$ m | ~ rn ar 
$ 1909 | 1910 | 1911 I 9 | 1013 | 15% iA | 
«Computed from monthly statistics compiled by the United States Bureau of Im- 
migration. 
CHAPTER SUMMARY 
Briefly summarized, the evidence submitted in this chapter in- 
dicates that with reference to the degree to which they are affected 
by cyclical movements in industry, male migration is more sus- 
ceptible than female; the immigrant and emigrant are somewhat 
more susceptible than the nonimmigrant and nonemigrant groups; 
and the unskilled immigrant and emigrant respond to industrial 
conditions more readily than the skilled, professional, and “no oc- 
cupation’ groups. 
Further indications of the relative responsiveness to industrial 
conditions of these several elements in migration will appear in the 
chapter on Seasonal Movements, and the discussion of the relative 
cyclical fluctuations of immigrants of various races and from various 
countries appears in the following chapter. 
52