PART 11. 
The guiding principles in livestock improvement are: — 
(1) Raise the average standard by culling. 
(2) Remove all inferior males. 
"Remove at the earliest moment many oxen, all non-breeding 
females, ete. 
Raise the carrying capacity of country by providing additional 
water supplies and enable the land to carry larger types by 
reducing the distance stock have to move for water. : 
' Establish herds of superior native types in native areas from 
which later one might issue improved strains. 
(6) Make routine the various protective Veterinary operations. 
The first movement would naturally be the imposition of a Stock 
Tax, the proceeds being devoted to the general improvement of live- 
stock, conditions of reserve and Veterinary action. Livestock work in 
Kenya will be a heavy task just as is the reconditioning of a reserve 
ruined by the over-accumulation of stock on a restricted area, but if 
the native livestock of Kenya is ever to become a real asset some 
action must be taken. 
For the development of services and European agriculture the 
Colony needs nearly half a million workers, for proper cultivation the 
native reserves need a population about three times as great as is 
living there at present.  Enormously valuable agricultural areas in 
native reserves are hardly populated and if populated are treated 
pastorally. The development of this Colony requires that the 
European shall give of his technical knowledge, his ability to direct, 
to economise and to demonstrate the use of all the adjuncts of 
civilisation, it demands that the native people wax strong, that they 
become agriculturists and that the whole agricultural area of the 
Colony be developed and utilised. The way in which it is believed 
this will be achieved is education in work through the force of example, 
the engendering of ‘‘ needs ’’ in native peoples, the demonetisation 
of cattle, and the emancipation of women. 
OrcaNisATION OF NATIVE Work: Believing that much may be 
saved by the enforcement of simple rules in farming just as on large 
estates and ranches a manager directs the use of areas, the varieties of 
crops, the periods of harvest and so forth, power has been sought 
through the medium of a simple Bill to enable the assets of the 
country to be preserved and the quality of production to be improved. 
One cannot do better than quote the preamble to a short Bill 
designed for the purpose, which was recently passed by the Legislative 
Council in this Colony : — 
“ This Bill confers powers upon Government actively to 
improve the standards of production in the Colony and to forbid 
the growth of crops or plants which are known to be deleterious 
or in other ways undesirable, also to preserve permanent food 
crops from destruction. 
** Through it cultural methods calculated to increase produe- 
tion could be laid down and in order to prevent immature produce 
in bad condition being exposed for sale the time of marketing any 
particular kind of produce may be specified. 
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