PREFACE THis study of the earlier development of banking theories in the United States has grown out of a doctoral thesis presented at Harvard University in 1923, and is now published through the generous interest of the Department of Economics of that University. In pursuing his research the author has become indebted to Professor Davis R. Dewey, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and to Professor Edwin R. A. Seligman, of Columbia University, for having graciously accorded him the privilege of examining at leisure the collections of early American tracts contained in their private libraries. To these scholars I gladly acknowledge a deep sense of gratitude. I would also express appreciation to Professor Henry B. Gardner, my senior colleague and the head of the Department of Economics at Brown University, for having read the manuscript and offered helpful criticism. And, finally, I would make such acknowledgment as the printed page permits to Professor Allyn A. Young of Harvard University. A profound scholar, inspiring teacher, and generous friend, his interest has done much to point the way and to minimize its difficulties. HARRY E. MILLER BroOwWN UNIVERSITY ProOVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND September. 1026