PREFACE | A I have to express my indebtedness to two of my colleagues, Mr. Edwin Frickey and Mr. H. D. White, for most helpful aid and advice in revising the manuscript and correcting the proof sheets. The Bureau of International Research of Harvard University and Radcliffe College, under a grant from the Laura Spelman Memorial Foundation, has made appropriations for research on special problems and for clerical service which have greatly facilitated my work. I hope that the results as here presented will be found to justify the enlightened policy of thus aiding scientific research. F. W. Taussia