CONTENTS 
Introduction . 
Chapter I. Origin and Organization of Zemstvo Institutions . 
Local Government before the Reform of 1864. The Reform of 
1864. Provincial and District Zemstvos. Nature of Work. The 
Zemstvos and the Central Government. The Zemstvo Act of 
1890. Controversy over Taxation on Schools. Need of a Re- 
form. Association of Zemstvos. Political Activities. Effects of the 
Revolution of 1905. The Zemstvos after 1905. 
Chapter II. Activities of the Zemstvo Institutions on the Eve of 
the War . . . 
Revenue and Expenditure. Education. Public Health. Orphan- 
ages. Veterinary Service. Assistance to Farmers. Fire Insurance 
and Prevention. Road Construction and Maintenance. Postal 
and Telephone Service. Conclusions. 
Chapter III. Origin and Organization of the All-Russian Union 
of Zemstvos . . 
Public Organizations for the Relief of War Sufferers. The 
Zemstvos in the Russo-Japanese War. The Outbreak of the 
Great War. Organization of the Union of Zemstvos. 
Chapter IV. General Outline of the Work of the Union of 
Zemstvos . 
The First Steps. Hospital Supplies. Equipment. Medical Goods 
and Surgical Instruments. Evacuation of Wounded and Sick 
Soldiers. Hospital Trains. Field Detachments and Canteens. 
Committees of the Front. Scope of the Work. Relations with the 
Army. Growth of Expenditure. Munitions and War Material. 
Chapter V. The Zemstvos and the Zemstvo Union . . . 
Local Support. Appropriations of the Zemstvos for War Pur- 
poses. Local Institutions of the Union. Provincial and District 
Committees. Institutions for Smaller Areas. The Zemstvos and 
the Government. Conferences of the Union of Zemstvos. Local 
Feelings. 
Chapter VI. Relief of Sick and Wounded Soldiers . 
Evacuation. A Statistical Illustration. War-Time Hospitals. De- 
scription of Casualties. Zemstvo Hospitals for Special Purposes: 
Lunatic Asylums. Other Hospitals for Special Treatments. 
Treatment for Tuberculosis. Spas. Relief for Disabled Soldiers. 
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