RELATION OF URBAN RESIDENCE TO NATURALIZATION 147 
residence per se appears to be unfavourable to naturalization, if only because urban popu- 
lations are generally more mobile than rural populations. 
Turning now to a comparison between immigrants from the different countries of origin, 
it will be demonstrated that those nationalities which show a preference for residence in cities 
show smaller percentages naturalized than those among whom large proportions are rural. 
TABLE 84. —PERCENTAGE NATURALIZED OF ALL FOREIGN BORN, COMPARED WITH PERCENTAGE 
NATURALIZED IN CITIES 25.000 AND OVER. 1921. 
Birthplace 
All Foreign Countries.... 
Europe........ 
Austria. ... 
Belgium... 
Bulgarig............. 
Czechoslovakia... ...o.oviini 
Denmark...... co.ooviiniiiiiiiiiie oo 
Finland...... rns baananas 
France... ...ooevenvnvennnnienn anos 
FAIS cscs srvunrnnce sine 
germany.... 
Greece... .. 
Holland. .... 
{ungary.... 
iceland. ... 
taly........ 
Jugo-Slavia.... 
NOTWAY hs van seve prema 
Poland. yeuvss: svovmanins os 
Roumania.... ............ 
Russia....... 
Sweden.............. o 
Switzerland.......... . 
Ukraine. .........coovvearunnnns 
Other European Countries... 
a vinaven 
China........... pve 
JBM con ivr purine sr seas BRIE ERS VER ERE 
Byrit cries suvin ina 02 maius dt Saninin ve 
Turkey. .ocooviirininannnn oo 
Dther Agiatic Countries... 
United States.........coovviiiiiiiiinnann. 
West Indies.......... -.. 
Other Countries... 
(1) 
Pe. 
naturalized 
in cities 
25,000 and 
over 
40.48 
54-88 
47.56 
32.41 
70.3% 
18.32 
LT 
16-49 
“n.70 
2.29 
by. 
JE 
“88 
9.89 
9-74 
3-1¢ 
5.6L 
5-31 
1-40 
5-84 
50-63 
57-79 
18.41 
44-50 
4.11 
13-07 
4-80 
95-43 
54-72 
15.41 
I 
572 
45 4 
59.20 
(2) 
P.c. of total 
oreign born 
population 
naturalized 
‘Urban and 
Rural) 
57-75 
57-88 
59-39 
42-08 
22-39 
55-71 
56.34 
15:72 
57.16 
tng 
ar-89 
29-32 
48-29 
72-32 
6-36 
0-22 
13-66 
71-65 
51-04 
10-52 
62-40 
67-43 
53-92 
54-73 
12.09 
15-86 
4-78 
33-49 
58-39 
46-63 
49.74 
£7.63 
51-22 
85.18 
3» 
Excess 
Col. (2) 
over 
Col. (1) 
8.27 
300 
11.83 
9:67 
2-07 
7-29 
0.82 
- 0-7 
14.4 
2. 
6 
0-1 
Q.Le 
12.4" 
+6) 
~ £93 
- .-96 
16-34 
~ 0-36 
4-68 
2-77 
9-64 
5-51 
10-23 
8-81 
2-79 
— 0-02 
8-06 
3-67 
0-82 
7.97 
6-41 
5-98 
2.77 
Table 85 shows the percentage of foreign born naturalized for each country of birth and 
the corresponding percentage dwelling in urban districts in Canada. The census definition 
of the term ‘urban’ includes all incorporated cities, towns and villages. The percentages 
naturalized are arranged in order of size, Iceland standing at the top with the highest. and 
China at the bottom with the lowest. 
While the coeflicient of correlation between the two series was found to be only 
r ==— -386 == +16, the conclusion is not warranted that no relation exists. There are many 
forces at work other than urbanization, which affect different peoples in different ways and 
in different degrees, sometimes diminishing and sometimes increasing the influence of urban 
environment on naturalization. For example, difference in length of residence, in sex dis- 
tribution, and in occupation are most potent disturbing factors, as is the diversity of 
cultures. Yet in spite of the interference of all those factors, the fact that a coefficient of 
correlation was obtained of even such moderate size suggests that there is an appreciable 
inverse relationship between urban residence and the extent of naturalization, when com- 
paring immigrants from one country with those from another. 
A cruder method of determining whether any relationship exists is by comparing the 
averages for the upper and lower halves of the table. The percentage naturalized for the 
average of the upper 13 countries was found to be 65.0 p.c., while the percentage for the 
v4499—10%