demand. The secondary industries are mainly established in the 
great manufacturing States of New South Wales and Victoria, so 
that it is to be anticipated that the successful development of 
primary industries in the other States will, so far as its indirect 
results are concerned, be reflected in increased immigration into 
New South Wales and Victoria. It follows that the primary pro- 
ducing States are likely to have difficulty in absorbing their 
prescribed quotas of migrants, though the obligation to do so will 
remain upon them, while on the other hand the manufacturing 
States being able to point to the increased immigration within their 
borders will be able to satisfy their obligations in the matter with- 
out difficulty, really as the result of what has been done in other 
States. 
39. These considerations lead us to suggest that it might be well 
if it were possible to secure the concurrence of all the Governments 
concerned, that is to say, the British Government, the Common- 
wealth Government and the State Governments, in such an amend- 
ment of the Agreement as would provide that the funds made 
available under it might be used not only for schemes involving 
the acceptance of specific numbers of migrants by the individual 
States, but also for work calculated to promote migration into 
Australia generally. 
40. This question raises a subject which appears to us to be of 
the greatest importance and to go far beyond the implications of 
the £34,000,000 Agreement itself. We have been much struck by 
what we have seen and heard of the comparatively small degree to 
which intensive use is made of the land already in occupation in 
Australia. Schemes are being projected for extensive develop- 
ment by pushing railway and road construction at heavy capital 
cost into territory as yet unsettled, while it would seem that more 
Intensive use of land already settled or partially settled might, at 
far less cost, be productive of a greater increase in population and 
in wealth production than the extensive schemes are likely to 
yield. 
41. We enter here upon the wide field of scientific research and 
of the increase of technical knowledge as applied to wealth produc- 
tion. We have already said that we cordially welcome the estab- 
lishment of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research in 
this sphere. Like the Development and Migration Commission in 
its sphere, the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research with 
its able and energetic personnel is capable of being a nucleus for 
the combination and co-ordination of the scientific and technical 
knowledge already available in many quarters in the different 
States of Australia and a potent force for the increase of the sum 
of that knowledge through the work of its several scientific sections, 
“ach under a highly qualified head and each acting in harmony 
With all other existing institutions having the same object, such 
a8 the State Departments of Agriculture, the Universities and the 
Possible 
ymendment 
of the 
Aoreement. 
Intensive as 
against 
axtensive 
levelop- 
ment, 
Che Council 
‘or Scientific 
and Indust- 
rial Research 
ind the 
nerease of 
echnical 
znowledge.