SEMAINE D'ÉTUDE SUR LE ROLE DE L'ANALYSE ECONOMETRIQUE ETC. 
691 
point mentioned by Dr. Pasinetti, namely, the deliberate inter- 
vention of the human mind in the form of learning and technology, 
to which I should also like to add the word « science » and also 
the word « research » covering both science and technology. It 
will be convenient to define in what way I am using these words, 
remembering, that all definitions are partly arbitrary. The object 
of « science research » (including not only the natural sciences but 
also the social sciences) is to know nature more adequately; the 
object of « technological research » is to use scientific knowledge 
to do something more efficiently, that is, to solve practical problems, 
or to bring about changes in society in an effective way. Using the 
words in this sense, « science », « technology » and « research » 
are most important factors, perhaps the most important factors in 
economic development. All the natural resources have been avail- 
able since the beginning of the human civilisation; iron ore and 
ther metals and coal, for millions of years; the significant factor 
was the intervention of the human mind, learning about nature 
which I am calling science and then trying to utilize such knowledge 
for useful purposes which I am calling technology. To bring science, 
:echnology and research into economics or econometrics seems to 
me to be a most exciting way of looking on the modern world. 
Natural resources would also come in because the type of technology 
‘0 be developed would be determined by the available resources; 
so long as we have national boundaries technology would have to 
oe oriented towards exploiting given resources. Also, I take it that 
‘he object of science, technology, research and learning would be 
iimed at continually changing the structure; this would be, I think, 
‘he truly dynamic part of the work in-sharp contrast to the static 
approach. 
DORFMAN 
Professor PASINETTI is opening the window on a new and very 
significant line of investigation. My main reaction is one of hopeful 
anticipation, but I guess I have two warnings to utter. 
10] Pasinetti - pag. 121