WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION
The CrairMaN. But does not the chilling process come in and
hold most of those crops over?
Mr. Yates. I do not think so of our crops, no, sir.
The Crairman. Well, take potatoes. There is one.
Mr. Yares. They will not keep under the chilling process, as 1
understand it. Neither will cabbage.
The CraRMAN. So you are willing that Michigan should pay $2.50
a day, or else have cheaper labor, a different type of people, and you
are perfectly willing that the French Canadians shall come freely
fk Maine to keep the country out of balance? Is that about the
idea?
Mr. Yares. If they need it, sir, as I said before, to protect their
industry from death, I believe they should have it, and I am frank
to say that your truck farming industry in the Rio Grande Valley
will die without more labor than 2,000 a year.
Mr. Jenkins. Mr. Yates, you appreciate, of course, that in this
country of ours we now have a quota against some of the finest
nationalities in the world.
Mr. Yates. That is true; yes, sir.
Mr. Jenkins. You also appreciate that the citizenship from Mexico
is not generally considered superior to the citizenship of Europe?
Mr. Yates. Not equal to it.
Mr. Jenkins. You also know and appreciate that if the quota is
put on Mexico, that practically the only objection to it is the objection
 that comes from people like you, who are interested in agriculture,
 do you not?
Mr. Yares. Well, I do not know that. I take it we will make more
noise than anybody else, but so far as Latin America is concerned,
I think you will have much more powerful interests complaining in the
near future.
Mr. JexkIins. Assuming, realizing at least as I do, that you have a
good claim—in other words, that your contention is a good contention—still,
 realizing that these other propositions are also important
propositions, now suppose the quota is put on Mexico; of course that
does not mean that all Mexicans will be taken away from your
community, does it?
Mr. Yares. No, sir; there will be some there.
Mr. Jenkins. Because you already have a great population of
Mexicans in that section of the country, have you not?
Mr. Yates. Yes, sir; we have considerable.
Mr. Jenkins. Now, let me ask you one question right here, and
that is what I am leading up to: Do you not think that if the quota is
put on Mexico, the next course that men of your kind will take will
be to take more interest in the Mexicans that are in this country and
help them and raise them up to greater efficiency, and that if you de
follow that course and try to make better citizens out of them and
make them more efficient, then in the course of two or three vears
you will not notice the difference in immigration?
Mr. Yares. Quite the contrary, sir. I believe they are about as
sfficient in the class of labor that they are engaged in as the climate
will permit them to be.
Mr. Jenkins. I do not think that people generally will agree with
you in that statement that the Mexicans are efficient, for this reason:
You know that they live as nomads, that they do not stay anywhere

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