WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION 105

This has to do with the States we cover and not the other States—
The transition has been such that the annual total farm value of fruits and
vegetables now exceeds that of the ficld crops. In 1926, 264,214 car loads of
fruits and vegetables originated in California, of which about 210.000 moved
to interstate destinations.

I pause there a moment to point out that subsequently in the same
opinion it is declared by the commission that not more than 5 per
cent of the production of fruits in California is consumed there and
the products must, of necessity, move to the large consuming territory
 east of the Missouri River and extending to the Atlantic seaboard.
 So, that that is an express finding of the fact that it moves
in interstate commerce and that the haul is a long one. On that
depends our revenue, of course, in large measure.
This is the equivalent of more than 10 trainloads of 55 cars each for every day
of the year. The soil and climate are peculiarly adapted to fruit and vegetable
culture,-and there are large areas that can be used for this purpose onlv.
That is where it touches us to the quick.
Should the growing of deciduous fruits become progressively unprofitable it is
the opinion of economists that this land will go back to its native State.
~ We are dealing with a serious matter here, not with mere abstraction.

_ California is now a wheat importing State, as the California farmers find it
impossible to grow wheat at a profit in competition with the producers in the
Middle West. For the year 1925 the farm values of the respective products
were as follows, based on December 1, 1925, farm values: Deciduous fruits,
$105,756,000; citrus fruits, $85,243.000; vegetables, $52,047.000; and the main
field crops. $104 675.000.

That was taken from the Interstate Commerce Commission Bureau
Statement of Statistics No. 29100, covering movements of certain
commodities as freight for the calendar year ending December 31,
1928. A statement of the citrus fruits, cantaloupes, fresh grapes,
fresh fruits, excluding citrus fruits, apples, bananas and peaches,
sugar, and sugar beets, by the railroads, the Santa Fe, the Kansas
City Southern, the Missouri, Kansas &amp; Texas, Missouri Pacific,
Rock Island, Frisco, M. K. &amp; T., Southern Pacific, Union Pacific—
well in my total I have limited that to the Santa Fe, the Missouri
Pacific, the Southern Pacific, the Union Pacific, Rock Island, and
M. K. &amp; T., those being the western lines and connections which are
most interested.
The Cuairman. You eliminated the Southern Pacific.
Mr. McInnis. No; lincluded the Southern Pacific. The Southern
Pacific is one of the largest of the lines. The three major lines are
the Santa Fe, Southern Pacific, and Union Pacific. It does not include
other lines which perhaps should have been included—Burlington,
Western Pacific should have been included and the Great Northern
lines. However, the figures most easily available were these; and
I am merely trying to draw a picture of the traffic significance of this
territory. I am not aiming at numerical advantage here. For the
six lines mentioned, the Santa Fe, Missouri Pacific, Southern Pacific,
Union Pacific, Rock Island, and M. XK. &amp; T., freight revenues for the
calendar year 1926 were, for hauling citrus fruit alone, $23,479,203;
for hauling cantaloupes $8,416,497. For handling fresh grapes,
$23,143,408; for handling the fresh fruits excluding those which I
have mentioned. $7.156.123: for handling sugar beets, $1.533.381: