WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION 169

should be wide and comprehensive, and should contain a deportation penalty
provision for all aliens in the United States, who fail, within a specific time, to submit
 themselves for registration to the proper governmental authorities.
Approved by the Good of the Order.Committee.
Regularly moved and seconded to adopt.
Resolution adopted by unanimous vote.
James L. WILMETH,
Naizonal Secretary.

STATEMENT OF J. C. CANALES, OF BROWNSVILLE, TEX.

The CuAIRMAN. Please state your name and residence?
Mr. Canares. J. C. Canales; Brownsville, Tex.; attorney. 1
have been practicing law for 30 years, and have lived in that locality
all my life. I am a graduate of the University of Mexico, and, Mr.
Chairman, I represent not only the Chamber of Commezrce of Brownsville,
 but Mercedes, West Lago, Harlingen, McLean, Vitalo; and
because of my residence in that country, I am thoroughly familiar
with matters there.
I am here antagonistic to what you call the bill introduced by
Mr. Box.
What I want to do is to give you facts, and not to tell you lawyers
how, in your wisdom and the wisdom of this committee, taking those
facts, you should adjust the bill so that it would not cause the friction
and the trouble we have had.
Many of our troubles are due to climatic conditions; and to geographical
 or historical and traditional rights between us and Mexico.
The present immigration laws have caused a great deal of trouble
to us, and I think if we give you the facts, you will apply them. In
any bill you may pass, there should be something to correct the evils
we have had.
Yesterday you heard a great deal of testimony. I am not going
to duplicate anything that has been said, but 1 want to call your
attention to this: If you will look at the map there from west California
 to the west of the Rio Grande, there is approximately 1,700
to perhaps 2,000 miles. It varies in climate and the geography of
the country, and also in regard to certain treaty rights, and certain
rights and’ traditions that have been established by virtue of their
rights, between the United States and Mexico, which gives us cause
of friction. There is abuse of authority on the part of the present
officers in Mexico, and that has caused invariably conditions in there
which this committee ought to know of, and give us a remedy therefor.
The Cuairman. Go right ahead and tell us about it.
Mr. Cananes. This is the situation. For instance, in the upper
part of that valley [indicating on map] there are climatic conditions
where it is impossible for the white man to adjust himself until he
lives there long enough to become acclimated; and it is not my
purpose here to say that white labor is superior to the Mexican or
the Mexican superior to the white. That is out of the question.
The proposition is that those people, whose ancestors have lived there
for a thousand years, have become acclimated, and those people who
go there now can not become acclimated in perhaps four or five or
six years so as to become efficient.
Mr. Gieson. Let me call your attention to the fart that this question
 of the treaty and the violations of the law has nothing to do with
climatic conditions.