WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION 281

apon their order, 37 men and they employed every one. If we had
sent 1,000 men in there it would have wrecked that little town.
Mr. GreEN. The laborer does not have to pay any fee?
Mr. Jones. No, sir.
The CaarrMAN. Do you find yourself in such circumstances
»pposed by labor agencies?
Mr. Jones. What do you mean by labor agencies? Private emnloyment
 agencies?
The CuairmMAN. Yes, like we see in Chicago.
Mr. Jones. Oh, yes, we are in constant trouble with them—that
is, to keep them straight, yes, sir.
The CrarrmMaN. Do you have any authority or power?
Mr. Jones. We have no authority; that comes from the State,
The bureau has no authority.
The CuatrmMaN. Why hang up a sign “1,000 men wanted in North
Dakota’?
Mr. Jones. We have this authority, which we have in cooperation
with the Post Office Department. For instance, a concern in Detroit
advertised “Fine opportunities in South America for men who will go
to South America, for a fee of $2.” We immediately took it up with
Mr. Glover, and they were put out of business. My information is
that in the last month that they ran, there was about $6,000 that
they took in. I have a matter up now with Mr. Glover of three or
four different concernes that we think are exploiting people along that
line. I am not charged with the duty of doing these things, but I feel
that I have got to protect labor as far as I can and not let it be imposed
upon.
Mr. Free. Do you think you could take some of these unemployed
out of New York and try to put them out in the Imperial Valley
picking cantaloupes with the thermometer at 140 degrees?
Mr. Jones. I believe we could, if California would pay their
transportation.
Mr. Free. How long do you think they would work in that region?
Mr. Jones. I do not know. There is quite a negro population in
New York City.
Mr. Free. Oh, you are going to send them negroes? I am talking
about whites.
Mr. Jones. Well, why is not negro labor all right—they are American
 citizens—when they do the job well? I am not going to enter into
any other problem.
The Cuairman. Is not the negro, as a citizen, a little more to be
considered than the Mexican? i
Mr. Jones. Absolutely, in preference to Mexicans, and they are
citizens.
Mr. Free. You like the negro better than the Mexican?
Mr. Jones. I am not saying anything about my likes or dislikes.
The negro is a citizen.
Mr. Fre. You know the inclinations of some negroes against
white women, and you are going to send us negroes?
Mr. Jones. We will send you them because you know as well as I
do, Congressman—why try to kid me?
Mr. Free. Kid you? }
Mr. Jongs. Yes: that is what you are trying to do, and you can
not do it.