282 WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION

You know you would not go out there and pick those cantaloupes.
Mr. Frege. Certainly. Whom would von send us into that valley
to do that work?
Mr. Jonms. There are a great many white people out in Arizona
and in Texas that are inured to your heat out there. They are working
 on your highways, they are working on your railroads.
Mr. Fre. Please come back to a direct answer. Suppose we
send you an order for 1,000 people to come into the Imperial Valley
in midsummer with the thermometer at 140° to pick cantaloupes.
Whom will you send us, and where will you get them?
Mr. Jones. We will endeavor to get them in Texas; we will endeavor
 to get them in other parts of the country where climatic conditions
 are just the same.
Mr. Free. Whom will you send?
Mr. Jones. We would be fools to send a man from Maine out to
California, or any of those States.
: Mr. Free. Now. whom would you get from Texas? What sort of
abor?
Mr. Jonms. We would get white labor, we would get negro labor;
and we would have Mexican labor, the kind of labor that lives in
that State.
Mr. FreEE. But you would not give us many white laborers to any
extent?
Mr. Jones. There is considerable white labor. They earn their
livelihood from seasonal work, and go from one section of the country
to the other, and depend upon seasonal work for their livelihood.
Mr. Free. How many would you have?
Mr. Jonms. Well, as I told you last year. our service recruited and
distributed over 600,000——
Mr. Fres. I am confining it to whites. How much of an itinerant
white labor is there?
Mr. Jones. Now, Congressman, we have not a bookkeeping
system or enough money to set up a bookkeeper to develop all that
information.
Mr. Free. I am not talking about your system. I do not think
you have got any kind of system.
Mr. Estervy. I think the system is very good. It works out im
Pennsylvania, in our State employment department.
The CratrmaN. The system that is to be developed and worked out
will have to be suggested in bills that are referred to another committee
 than this. Now, we have the doctor here for a little inquiry,
but not for a discussion of his system. His bureau is entitled to look
after the population of the United States. Every alien here is.
entitled to the guaranties of the Constitution as well as citizens.
Mr. Jones. We make no distinction of race, creed, or color.
The CuarrmMaN. You can not do it, under the Constitution.
Mr. Estervy. I think there will be a flock of white men, if they
hear that they are going to get $22 a day picking cantaloupes. as a
witness testified. ,
Mr. JonEs. You could not scare them away with a shotgun.
Mr. EsterLY. The situation will solve itself.
Mr. Jones. We have not got a bookkeeping system that will
supply so many whites, so many negroes, and so many Mexicans.