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WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION

The Cratrman. Will not that pull keep on with your new type of
citizen?
Mr. GuLNac. Yes, sir.
The CuairmaN. So that you will still educate and train the man
who can be naturalized and send him out into another State of the
Union.
Mr. GurNac. There has not been any big movement of people into
Maine. According to the 1920 census, there were only 107,000 immigrants
 or foreign-born living in the State of Maine, which is not a
very big number, and of those, 74,000 were Canadians. Therefore,
this has not run into any big number as it has in other States, but it
has in part helped to fill the gap that has been caused by the exodus
of our own people. During that decade from 1910 to 1920 the total
immigration into Maine was 55,126 and the total increase in population
 to the State was 25,643. In other words, the immigration to
Maine was more than twice the total population. Had there not
come to the State of Maine during that period this number of people
we would have lost in population.
We are interested in both types, the immigrant coming for permanent
 residence and the one coming temporarily to work in the woods
or on the farm, picking potatoes principally. So far as the western
section of the State is concerned, which these two gentlemen represent,
they are French Canadians who have settled as permanent residents.
In the eastern section there are many more who come in temporarily
and work for a short time during the fall, helping in the picking of
potatoes and then go in the wintertime to the woods to work. We
are interested in both of these types of people.
ae CrarrMAN. What are you receiving for potatoes this year in
Maine?
Mr. GuLnac. The last I heard the price was $3.90 or $4 a barrel.
The Cuarrman. How many pounds in a barrel?
Mr. Guunac. One hundred and eighty pounds, I think. It has
been a good season for potatoes, and we had a very good crop. The
price, if it is still that, is a good one. One can make a good profit
raising potatoes if he can sell them at that rate. They had three
very hard years previous to the last one, but if they can get one
good year in three or four years, they count themselves fortunate.
So far as the lumber business is concerned, which, of course, has
been the big business in Maine, it was originally carried on in colonial
times and in the early years of the State's existence, in great part, by
the natives. They were logging near by and there was still farming
element there, so that they could get people for the woods. As the
industry grew, there were not sufficient natives. Beginning in 1871,
upon the completion of the European and North American Railway,
the Canadians began to come into the State of Maine in large numbers
 to work in the woods, and I presume from that time to this
there has not been a single year when half of the crews in the Maine
woods have not been Canadians. They were not only French
Canadians. They were from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and
Prince Edward Island. At Bangor during the driving time, since I
have been there, let a driver be seen coming down the street and
somebody will call out “There goes a P. I.,” because there were so
many drivers that had come there from Prince Edward Island.
In the same city a few years ago we unveiled a monument to the