330 WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION

being cut because we can not get the labor from this side to do it
If we should recruit our crews in the United States, they would demand
that they be taken to the camps in automobiles or else they would not
go. We could not very well do that. The best a pproach to the camps
15 from the Canadian side. In fact, if we should recruit crews in
the United States, it would be necessary to send them to Canada in
order to get to the camps in the United States. It is to cut this growth
that’we have to have the Canadians. The Canadians are the only
ones who will go any distance into the woods and remain there for
any length of time. "In addition to that, we have big areas of hard
wood and only by continuing to get an experienced class of woodsman
can we ever hope to make the hardwood development for which we
hope. So that as far as practicing conservative methods of forestry
are concerned in the State of Maine, we are just as much dependent
upon having the Canadian woodsmen as for any other reason we
could give.
The CuarmaN. As I understand, you do not need these woodsmen
the whole year?
Mr. GuLnac. No, sir; not that class by the year.
Mr. Box. How long do you need them during a year?
Mr. GuLnac. They come in usually for six months.
Mr. Box. Are they admitted as visitors or as skilled laborers?
Mr. Gurnac. They are admitted as skilled laborers under the
exemption to the alien contract labor law. To-day thie serious thing
we are facing is not in connection with the lumber business but in
connection with the paper business. We have the largest annual
tonnage and the greatest production of newsprint, in this country.
Most of the newsprint mills still left in the United States are in the
State of Maine.
You gentlemen are familiar with the contention between the newspaper
 association of this country and the Canadian associations during
the last few months, due to the conference which the Premiers of
Ontario and Quebec called and asked their people to raise the price
of newsprint from $55 to $60. The Canadian mills dominate the
newsprint market for the United States. They manufactured last
year 2,729,000 tons of newsprint.
The CrairMaN. From eastern and western Canada?
Mr. GuLNac. Yes, sir.
The Cratrman. The pulp and paper industry is becoming a live
issue on the Pacific Northwest coast of the United States.
Mr. GuinNac. That is true.
The Carman. Wages have been for common labor about $4 a
day. However, I believe it has dropped to $3.50 a day.
Mr. Gur~nac: And board?
The Cuairman. No.
Mr. Free. Is that in Canada?
The Cuairman. No; that is in the Pacific Northwest of the United
States. It is the development of a new industry there.
Mr. GuLNac. Why is it that the State of Washington is not interested
 in something that is going to enable the paper mills on this
side to produce their paper as reasonably as they can, now that they
are in competition with the Canadian mills?