WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION 397

{ have been a social worker for 10 years and have never encountered such
jesperate situations before amongst the working people. No wonder we are
having crime waves.
If the social workers of the country were called to Washington to testify,
they could give facts that would amaze you.
The Sun Shipyard in Chester, Pa., is building 10 oil tanks for the Standard
Oil Co. The men are paid for “piecework’; no scale of wages. In four days
on a ‘bolting and reaming’ job two men can make approximately $29 or $30
between them. Men last about three days. Their “ads” (the company’s) in
the newspapers, now advertising for men, stipulate that the man must weigh
at least 165 pounds. The work has been described as terrible and not fit for
a “nigger,” because of attendant conditions. .
The cry of the American man out of a job is that he is discriminated against
in favor of an alien because an alien works ‘‘ cheaper.”
What can be done about this situation? If the working man can get no work,
his wife can not spend any; business will feel it, and the hospitals and the jails
will do a thriving business.
A law enforcing citizenship should be passed, and if a person, an alien, did
not become a citizen in a stipulated time send him or her back to where they
came from. Also a total exclusion act for at least a period of years to enable
the American citizen workman to get on his feet and at least one jump ahead
of poverty.
Any data I have I shall send you from time to time.
Best wishes to you, and may the Lord guide you in your work.
Sincerely. .

Herren E. MARTIN,
President Bronx Civic Study Club.
P. S.—If it is necessary to use my name, you have my permission to do so.
One of the clippings inclosed was from the New York World of
February 1, 1930. and is as follows:

JOBS SCARCE, CIVIL-SERVICE-LIST MEN TAKE WORK ON BCOWS AT $3.50 A DAY

Owing to the recent increase in unemployment, according to statisticians of
the department of sanitation yesterday, the department for the first time in 11
years, is able to draw labor for small-paying jobs from the civil-service list.
The class taken as the index is that of scowmen, who are paid at the rate of
$3.50 a day. At the present time, it was said, each scowman in the department’s
 employ was appointed from the ecivil-service list, a condition which had
rot obtained since 1919.
A year ago the department's scows were two-thirds manned by so-called
‘emergency employees,” the employment of whom is possible under the city
sules only when no applicants are available from the civil-service lists.
In the last month, however, the civil-service department has had so many
applicants for this heretofore undesired work that it has been able to supply the
demand and do away with all ‘‘emergency’’ workers.
Officials of the New York City Department of Sanitation are convinced that
employment depression is directly responsible for the shifting condition, saying
that many men who scorned to take scow jobs at the low rate of pay are now
willing to work at anything.
Before the unemployment crisis the civil-service department received few
applications for the posts.
At the meeting in Fraunces’ Tavern last Friday evening various
documents and papers, indicative of the patriotic interest, concern,
and purpose of those present, were handed to me by those present,
among which was a circular with a heavy, black, mourning border,
entitled “Masked Revolutionary Workers Funeral Demonstration
Tuesday at 11 a. m. at Union Square for Steve Katovis, who was
murdered by the Police.”
In part the circular reads:
Steve Katovis died in the fight of the workers of this city to organize the unemsloved
 to demand work or relief; * * * to fight against the coming impealist
 war * * * to defend the Soviet Union. In this fight the * * *
OBOE — ee