WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION 399

fortably, only 20 per cent of New York City’s 6,000,000 persons being
of native-born parents, the other 80 per cent speaking 43 different
languages, and advocating and preaching every political notion,
including even anarchy, and atheism.
Our forces of Americanization are literally swamped and seriously
need elbow room in which to work instead of more work to do. We
now have 14,000,000 foreign-born persons and 21,000,000 persons
of foreign parentage in the United States, speaking 43 different
languages, thinking and talking as many different political isms, and
many of them members of oath-bound organizations, opposed to
American institutions, American standards, traditions, and ideals,
and some of them daily planning and plotting the overthrow of our
Government, which gives the individual the greatest freedom and
the greatest opportunity any country gives or could give to a human
being to earn a living and ‘ pursue happiness.”
The league opposes further Mexican immigration because we
already have more Mexicans than our jobs, standards, institutions,
and ideals can absorb and we can Americanize. The evidence is overwhelming
 that they are supplanting our labor, our schools, our
churches, our institutions, our language, our ideals, and our people
with theirs, and literally reconquering and taking away from us gradually
 the Southwest territory, which we took, bought, and that they
long since ceded to us. That they do not take kindly to us and
become a part of us and that we have more of them than we are able
to Americanize is shown by the fact that during the last year out of
224,728 aliens naturalized only 164 were Mexican born, and that
during the past five years only 569 Mexican born took out their second
papers and became citizens, although there are probably about ,000,-000
 of them in the United States. Heretofore such racial, social, and
economic competition has resulted in bloodshed, and unless checked
and conditions change history may well be expected to repeat itself.
Further, in regard to Mexican immigration, may I say a personal
word and repeat what I have already indicated in answer to questions—cotton
 culture conditions in the State of South Carolina, where
[ am personally acquainted at first hand with conditions in the factory
as well as in the fields, where it is estimated that 90 per cent of the farm
lands is either mortgaged or owned by the Federal Farm Loan Board,
and where plantations, which 10 years ago brought more than $200 an
acre, can now le bought and are being sold for $10 and $12 per acre.
Within a week I believe I could easily employ a hundred thousand
native-born day laborers at as low a wage as $1 per day. As I have
said there areliterally dozens of unemployed around every cotton-mill
village anxiously awaiting any opportunity at employment. Last
year 1 know from personal experience, which is typical, that on 60
little one and two- horse plantations, manned by individual families,
the actual cash expenditure exceeded receipts by over $6,000, and yet
Anderson County, S. C., in which this extreme depression exists,
produced about 60,000 bales of cotton last year. The price is inadequate,
 and experts all seem to agree cotton production must be
curtailed. I doubt whether there has ever existed in southern
agriculture the terrible depression that exists to-day. It is reflected
in such proposed legislation as S. J. 117, which contains this language:
Whereas the small amount of crop made by the farmers in this section has
seen largely used to repay the Government for loans made under the provisions
of the joint resolution of February 25, 1929, as amended, leaving them in a