110 WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION

“From a school standpoint they make by their presence a very complicated
situation. About 50 per cent of school children are Mexican. Their seasonable
 labor habits, using children, interferes with school appropriation for State
and county.”’-—Geo. A. Bond, superintendent of schools, Santa Paula, Calif.
“Whites just waiting for open season.’ —C. W. Casner, hardware, paint,
sporting goods, and plumbing, Monrovia, Calif.
“This will be a problem the same as the Chinese, Japs, and other races which
have had to be handled.”—Sam A. Burrell, realtor, Brentwood Heights, Calif.
“Same as in Southern States between negroes and whites. Better no development
 than to have a foreign or race development. The people who do the work,
$ill the soil. ete., will eventually own it. Why give our birthright away.”—P. B.
Fry, physician, district health officer, Benicia, Calif.
“Racial difficulties regarding school attendance growing.”’—8. J. Brainard,
superintendent of schools, Tulare, Calif.
“There are six Mexicans to one white child in our junior high school. The
Mexicans and whites attend the same schools, which is most disgusting. The
Mexicans have now boycotted our new theater because the management has
given them a sepatate section. If it wasn’t for our strict police department,
a race question would be serious.”—Max R. Webb, retail merchant, Miami,
riz.
““The Mexicans are directly responsible for the comparatively slow advancement
 of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas, since they replace the whites and constitute
 a staggering burden for the comparatively small taxpaying settlers,” —
BE. M. Jackson, owner and operator of mines, Dragoon, Ariz.
“ Whites and Mexicans are antagonistic to each other at all times. ”’—Milton
E. Simms, secretary farm bureau, Duncan, Ariz.
‘Attempts at segregation in schools; and their resistance; separate dance
nights at the club; the existence of a ‘ Mexican village,’ are indications of a race
question. ”—Thos. H. Dowling, retail merchant, Superior, Ariz.
“In my daughter’s class which graduated from the graded school last Febcuary
 there were 8 Mexicans, 3 Japs, and 1 Chinese in a class of 33. These
Mexicans were very low class.’’—Jas. A. Armstrong, secretary Gilrov Grau ge,
No. 398, Gilroy, Calif.

INTERMARRIAGE BETWEEN WHITES AND MEXICANS, AND MEXICANS AND NEGROES

A few instances of intermarriage between whites and Mexicans are shown in
each of 429 reports from some 15 States, while small groups of instances of intermarriage
 between Mexicans and Negroes are shown in 250 reports from some 14
States. These reports of intermarriage between whites and Mexicans and
Mexicans and Negroes do not usually tell of merely single instances of such intermarriages;
 they do usually indicate only a limited number of such marriage
allegiances, altogether interlinking all three races, whites, Mexicans, and Negroes.
No other alien people entering America have created freer channels for blood
intermixture through intermarriage than do these Mexicans, with whom both
black and white races intermarry to a limited extent. White and negro race
stocks can not be kept separate when both intermarry, even to the limited extent
of a few thousand instances, with some hundreds of thousands or millions and
Jereasing numbers of Mexican immigrants. It must be kept in mind that the
humbler classes of the Mexicans are basically Indian, many of whom have a
strain of negro blood derived from black slaves carried to Mexico from Africa
and the West Indies. Many of them have a considerable strain of Caucasian
dlood of Spanish and other stocks, sufficient to increase the number of intermarriages
 between them and Caucasian Americans, while their Indian and
limited amount of African blood facilitates marriage between them and Negroes.
Such a situation will make the blood of all three races flow back and forth between
them in a distressing process of monerelization.

DISPLACEMENT OF NATIVE AMERICANS WORKING IN INDUSTRY, OF FARM WORKERS
AND FARM TENANTS AND THE INJURY DONE TO AMERICAN FARMERS AND FARM
LIFE BY THE INCREASE OF MIGRANT MEXICAN LABOR WORKING IN INDUSTRY,
ON FARMS AND ELSEWHERE

Below are quoted a comparatively few of the great number of statements
made in ‘these reports on this phase of the problem:
“Have tendency to make people leave the country. Driving small farmers
and tenants out of the country. The chief effect of this Mexcian labor is to make
for a plantation type of farming, driving out. not only the white laborer and