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Modern Business Geography 
(B) TrabpE Routes AnD CITIES OF AFRICA 
Africa, like South America, makes its chief contribution to the world’s 
commerce through primary production. The cities, therefore, serve 
as huge warehouses where raw materials are collected, rather than as 
manufacturing centers. 
I. Make a table showing the approximate area of the following sections of 
Africa: (a) the deserts; (b) the great tropical forests; (c) the tropical 
grasslands ; (d) the regions with a temperate climate. 
Find some country in the temperate zone having an area somewhere near 
that of each of the four sections of Africa. How does the population of 
the four countries compare with that of Africa? 
CHier CI1TIES OF AFRICA AND THEIR APPROXIMATE POPULATIONS 
Cairo . . . . . . 
Alexandria . 
Johannesburg 
Cape Town . 
Algiers . . . 
Tunis . . . . . 
Durban (Port Natal) . 
Oran . . . . . . 
Morocco (Marakesh) . 
Khartum . . . , 
1.065,000 
573,000 
325,000 
240,000 
226,000 
186,000 
180,000 
150,000 
149,000 
124..000 
Casablanca . . . .| 
Port Said . . . . 
Constantine . 
Tanta . . . 
Fez. . . . 
Omdurman . 
Port Elizabeth . 
Mansura . . . 
Tripoli. . . . 
Tangier 
107,000 
105,000 
94,000 
90,000 
81,000 
79,000 
65,000 
64,000 
60,000 
60.000 
3. Divide the cities of Africa, as given in the table above, into two lists, — 
the seaports and the cities in the interior. Beside each city write the name 
of the country or colony in which it is situated. 
Location of the chief ports of Africa. A comparison of the coast 
line of Africa with that of North America or Europe shows great 
differences. The characteristics of the African coastal regions account 
in part for the number, size, and stage of development of the sea- 
norts. 
What portions of the continent have (a) a smooth, regular coast line; 
(b) swamps and dense forests; (c) mountains near the sea; (d) deserts; 
‘e) deep rivers, navigable for many miles into the interior; (f) high tem- 
perature at all seasons; (g) a location near the commercial and industrial 
continents ? 
5. How does each of these conditions influence the development of seaports? 
6. How many of the seaports in the table given above are along the Mediter- 
ranean coast ? 
How do they compare in size with the seaports on the north coast of the 
Mediterranean p