. em » © ee my Pn 5 BY An edition of 100 of which this is No fg This volume is a combination of a series of booklets published by the First National Bank at Pittsburgh, in exposition of our city’s progress in business and culture. It is fitting that this record be dedicated to the memory of the late beloved president of the First National Bank, Mr. Lawrence E. Sands, whose vision and work has made a very deep impression upon the general welfare of this community. May we hope that this volume will be worthy of a place in your library, not only for your own pleasure and information, but also for any inspiration it may furnish for a future generation to maintain and enhance the fine traditions of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. THE FirsT NATIONAL BANK AT PrrTsnurcH, PirTsBURcH, Pa. 0 ATHEIST SEIS SD TEESE RASS I CIEE eee eg The Story of PITTSBURGH Volume One Number Six ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES First National Bank at Pittsburgh March. 1921 Ir age III Ebr ETL ETS ESTE CE ETE TEREST ERLE PORT OST RTL PL RI EI © eee GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE Founder of\the world-wide Westinghouse interests The Story of Pittsburgh ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES B HE name of George Westinghouse is known all over the world as one of the greatest inventors and captains of industry who ever lived. His fame was international long before he died, on March 12, 1914. He was one of the citizens who did most to build up the industries of this great industrial, commercial and financial center. He became one of the most famous and honored men not only of Pittsburgh or of the United States, but of the whole world, because the things he accom- plished were of the greatest importance to mankind. He was justly called “the greatest living engineer” during the last few years of his life. George Westinghouse, even as a boy, displayed much inventive genius. His father was an inventor and the son spent much of his time in the elder Westinghouse’s machine shop. There is a report, and it very well can be believed, that he invented a rotary engine before he was 15 years of age. Certain it is that at the age of 24, he had not only invented, but secured the adoption by railroad companies of the airbrake which bears his name. This is the most important safety device ever invented for obviating danger of railway travel, and it is the chief agency which has transformed railways from their early condition to the present state of efficiency and safety. George Westinghouse built the first ten great dynamos at Niagara, the dynamos for electric railways of New York and London, and he also developed steam turbines and the alternating current system of electricity. He was always his own master, never working for wages, but he did not begin with money, for he inherited none, nor was any given him in any form. His brains were his capital and from his own mind he developed idea after idea, industry after industry, until he found himself at the head of manu- facturing establishments of great magnitude, which on the American continent and in countries across the oceans, employed 50,000 persons and capital amounting to $200,000,000. While Mr. Westinghouse was the inventor of very many useful appliances, it is his connection with electricity of which we would speak first. His name is daily heard on the floors of the stock exchanges of the world, for when a broker bids for “Westinghouse,” everyone knows he is buying the stock of the Westinghouse Electric and Manu- facturing Co., a great Pittsburgh concern, with ramifica- tions all over the globe. The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company was organized in 1886, with 200 employees. It now uses the services of 50,000 men and women, with a monthly payroll averaging over $4,250,000. Since 1914, the capacity and output of the company’s plants have about doubled, while the volume of sales, due to increased costs and prices, has almost quadrupled. The latest statement of the company said the amount of unfilled orders on the books exceeded $95,000,000, showing an increase of about $24.000,000 in five months. This statement also said: “It is the opinion of your Board that the electrical manufacturing field never presented such possibilities for continued large business as at the present time. The increased cost of fuel and the demand for its conservation will result not only in the development of water powers, but also, it is believed, in the establishment of large central steam power stations located near the coal fields. The electrification of railroads has been demonstrated as the best solution of the pressing traffic problems in many con- gested districts and mountain sections, while the demand for the products of your Company for use in the marine field is rapidly increasing. There is also a great broaden- ing use of electricity in the daily life of the people.” The capital stock of the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company consists of $3,998,700.00 Pre- ferred and $70,8138.950.00 Common. or a total of $74.812.- 650.00, (par of which is $50.00), on which quarterly divi- dends of $1.00 a share or 89, per annum, are paid. The property and plant are valued at $42,920,366.00. Its investments in stocks, bonds, debentures, etc., of other companies, are valued at close to $12,000,000.00 and the latest balance sheet shows total current assets of $118,290,- 191.00. The floor space used by the Company is more than 200 acres. Its power house capacity is 28,000 horsepower. Its daily coal consumption is 500 tons, and its average monthly shipments are 1,000 carloads. Section R, 1610 feet long and 70 feet wide, is one of the largest single areas in the world devoted to manufacturing purposes. Elec- trical apparatus made and installed by the Company is to be found in every civilized country, and ships equipped with Westinghouse electrical appliances are constantly traversing the oceans all over the globe. Vessels to the number of 870 are now in service or under construction bearing Westinghouse propelling machinery. The Com- pany introduced the Alternating Current System into America, initiated the Polyphase Induction Motor, mar- keted the first successful single reduction railway motor, and made the first American direct-connected turbine- generator. Generators are built from 5 to 70,000 Kv-a; transformers from 34 to 23,000 Kv-a, and motors from 1/100 to 15,000 horsepower. Mindful of the welfare of its employes, the Company operates for their benefit the largest industrial eating house in the world. It also builds houses and sells them to its employes on easy payments, and it maintains for their benefit a technical night school which affords a liberal course of study and fits them to take higher and more remunerative positions as their ability and knowledge develop. The main plant of the Company is at East Pittsburgh, where electrical apparatus of all kinds is made. Here, too, is located the Pittsburgh Meter Company, a sub- sidiary, making water and gas meters. In Pittshurgh is the R. D. Nuttall Company, another subsidiary, producing gears, trolleys, and flexible couplings. Other plants with their products, are as follows: South Philadelphia—Steam Turbines, marine gears and condensers. East Springfield—Small motors, automotive and radio equipment. Newark, N. J.—Meters, fans and rectifiers. Attica, N. Y.—Stokers. Cleveland—Castings. Trafford City—Castings. South Bend, Ind.—Illuminating fixtures. (George Cutter Works.) Mansfield, O.—Electric heating apparatus and elec- trical appliances. (Westinghouse Electric Products Co.) Brooklyn, N. Y.—Safety switches and panels. (Krantz Manufacturing Co.) Bloomfield, N. J., Trenton, N. J., Milwaukee, Wis., Middleton, Conn., and New York City—Incandescent lamps under the name of the Westinghouse Lamp Co. Bridgeport, Conn.—Electrical wiring devices. (Bryant Electric Co.) In East Pittsburgh is the shop where large power trans- formers are made, and where the seven 275-ton passenger locomotives for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway were built. It is nearly one-third of a mile in length and one of the longest aisles in the world devoted to manu- facturing. One of the remarkable features of the East Pittsburgh plant is the processing of raw materials which go into the making of the multitudinous articles comprising the finished product. In the copper shop, long strips of copper are cut to proper size for use in large motors and made to become parts of generators. In one section where large furnaces are roaring, giant hammers are pounding and powerful machines are shaping raw materials, the blacksmith is working incessantly to convert rough forgings and castings so that they may serve as part of the steady flow of products from the Westinghouse plant. Here, in the blacksmith shop, the Most powerful transformer in the world. Now installed in the Duquesne Light Company’s station at Colfax, Pa. visitor sees produced, motor frames and brackets and many other similar parts. One of the most recent developments of the Westing- house Company in the electrical field, was the discovery of a new insulating material. This, it was found, was capable of being moulded into plates, rods or tubes. Bake- lite Micarta, as this substance is called, is now being used for hundreds of purposes in the industrial world. When the visitor visits the building devoted to this material, he will see Bakelite Micarta moulded into every conceivable shape for insulation material, for gear, ignition distributers and distributer arms, clutch bands for automobiles and tractors, airplane propellers and for many other purposes. A new plant has been purchased recently at Rochester, Pa., just in order to supply the demand for this Micarta. [t is planned to use Bakelite Micarta exclusively for fan blades in the future. If the visitor comes to the Works at East Pittsburgh, by means of an automobile, via the Lincoln Highway, he will obtain a good view of the Research Laboratories, set on a high hill, away from the noise, vibration and con- fusion that is attendant at a plant such as is located at East Pittsburgh. The Building, however, is convenient to the main works. This Laboratory is important and interesting because to Westinghouse Research, Industry owes a goodly part of its advancement in its growth, size and efficiency. Thousands of dollars are spent annually by the Company in an effort to keep in advance of Indus- try, sensing its needs and solving problems before the layman is aware of the existence of the problem itself. New uses are constantly being discovered for electricity, and almost every day brings information of a new benefit being conferred on mankind by the wonderful power or property, or whatever it may be called. Three American Navy airmen, who were recently lost in the far northern wilderness of Canada, after their helpless balloon had descended near Moose Factory, were saved from freezing to death by electrically heated garments. Had it not been for these contrivances, when they were battling their way back to civilization on dog sledges, the three frozen corpses of Lieuts. Walter Hinton, Stephen A. Farrell and A. L. Kloor would be lying in the snow many miles beyond the nearest telegraph station of the Hudson Bay Company, instead of returning home in safety. I'HE WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE COMPANY The Air Brake, universally famous as one of the greatest factors in the successful development of modern rail trans- portation, ranks as the first notable invention of the late George Westinghouse, hence, the Westinghouse Air Brake Company is the oldest of the many industrial enterprises which owe their existence to the genius of the renowned inventor-manufacturer, having been incorporated in 1869, ander the laws of Pennsylvania with an authorized capital of $500,000 of the par value of $50 a share, and beginning operations the same year in a modest plant at Liberty Avenue and Twenty-fifth Street, Pittsburgh. Contrary to popular tradition which accredits Mr. Westinghouse as having endured many discouraging hardships in attempting to market the Air Brake, the original facilities of the Company were from the beginning too limited to fill the orders that were received almost immediately after the first successful demonstrations, which took place on the Pan-handle Division of the Pitts- burgh, Columbus, Cincinnati and St. Louis Railroad, between Pittsburgh and Steubenville, O., in 1868. Every addition was made to the first building that the site would accommodate, but in 1881, it became necessary to move the plant to larger quarters in Allegheny, now the North Side of Pittsburgh. The first increase in the capital stock was made in 1872 when $100,000 was added to the original $500,000. A further rapid growth of business in the next few years, however, called for greater expansion, and on September 7, 1886, another increase in the capital stock was authorized, this time from $600,000 to $3,000,000. Two years, later in 1888, the need of larger capital was again felt, resulting in an increase of $2,000,000, bringing the total to $5,000,000. By this time, the Air Brake had been introduced suc- cessfully on practically every mile of railroad in the United States and had also won recognition in almest every foreign country. The plant on the North Side was no longer adequate to handle the increasingly heavy volume of business and the company was forced to seek more com- modious quarters. In order to get far enough away from the center of Pittsburgh, that sufficient room would be afforded for proper development, and at the same time to realize the advantage of the best transportation facilities, a site was selected in the Turtle Creek Valley, 14 miles east of Pittsburgh on the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The plant was moved accordingly in 1890, and the town of Wilmerding was established to provide homes for as many of the employees as cared to live in the immediate vicinity. The Company continued to enjoy a steady growth in its new location. In 1898, the capital stock was increased to $11,000,000; in 1907, to $14,000,000; in 1912, to $20,000- 000, and March 15, 1817, to $30,000,000, which is the present capitalization. During this period of expansion, the Company developed or acquired control of a number of other industries, engaged in the railway supply business along lines having a natural or supplementary relationship, prominent among which are the Union Switch & Signal Company of Swissvale; the Locomotive Stoker Company, North Side, Pittsburgh; the American Brake Company of St. Louis, and the National Brake and Electric Com- pany of Milwaukee. Companies are also operated in Canada, England, Australia, France, Italy, Germany and Russia. The most recent development of the Company brought into existence the Westinghouse Union Battery Company of Swissvale. Although located at Wilmerding for more than thirty years, the Westinghouse Air Brake Company has always continued to be identified as a Pittsburgh industry and a large number of the 6,000 employees engaged at the Wilmerding plant reside in the several boroughs adjacent to the city on the eastern line, or in the city proper. Sales Main Works of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company at East Pittsburgh, Pa. One of the large manufacturing aisles of the East Pittsburgh Works of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, where some of the powerful generators and motors are assembled Section of the coil-winding department where coils for large Westinghouse turbo-generators are wound Main Office and Works, The Union Switch and Signal Company. Swissvale. Pa. Westinghouse Air Brake Works, Wilmerding, Pa. offices and an export department are maintained in the Westinghouse Building at Penn and Seventh Avenues, Pittsburgh, Pa. The officers of the Company are H. H. Westinghouse, Chairman of the Board of Directors; John F. Miller, Vice Chairman; A. L. Humphrey, President; W. S. Bartholomew, Vice President; Charles A. Rowan, Vice President and Controller; G. W. Wildin, General Manager; S. C. Mec- Conahey, Acting Vice President and Treasurer; Jeptha Newkirk, Assistant Treasurer; J. H. Eicher, Auditor; John I. Rankin, Assistant Auditor; H. C. Tener, Secretary; G. C. Dehne, Assistant Secretary; C. R. Ellicott, Assistant Secretary. The Company’s product includes complete Air Brake Apparatus for Steam and Electric Roads; Friction Draft Gear and Car Couplers for Steam Road Service; Auto- matic Car-Air and Electric Couplers for Electric Railways; Steam-Driven, Motor-Driven and Belt-Driven Air Com- pressors, Governors and Accessories for Industrial Service; Feed Water Pumps; Air Storage Reservoirs; Test Racks for Air Brake Maintenance; Leather and Composition Gaskets and Brake Cylinder Packing Cups. The stock has heen earning and paying a regular quarterly dividend of $1.75 per share. The Westinghouse Air Brake Company gives to the Pittsburgh District the distinction of having supplied by ‘ar the larger part of all Air Brake apparatus that is in use today on steam and electric roads throughout the world. The importance of the device in connection with modern transportation cannot be ‘too strongly’ emphasized. Through its marvelous efficiency, it enables an engineman to maintain perfect control over a train of any speed, length and weight that the most powerful locomotive can haul. Before its invention, light trains and low speeds were the rule, due largely to a lack of adequate braking facilities. By making it possible to operate on a vastly larger scale, therefore, the Air Brake has played a vital part in the development and growth of the nation, which is admittedly a result of our great transportation systems. Being an integral part of virtually every steam and electric train and street car now in operation, which com- bine to carry annually many times as many passengers as there are people in the whole United States, the Westing- house Air Brake has been said to have more “ultimate consumers’ than any other manufactured product repre- sented by a single industry. THE UNION SWITCH AND SIGNAL COMPANY On December 28, 1878, articles of association of the “Union Electric Signal Company” were filed in Hartford, Conn., the capital stock being $500,000 (10,000 shares at $50 per share). The basis for the formation of the Com- pany were the patents of William Robinson, Oscar Gassett and I. Fisher, covering various electrical appliances for signaling and protecting trains in railroad service. The home office was located at Hartford and the branch office and factory at Boston. This was the first Company organized in the United States for the manufacture and installation of railroad signaling devices. February 4, 1880, the capital stock was increased to $1,000,000, and in the following year, George Westinghouse was elected a director and president of the Company. Shortly afterward, the board of directors authorized the sale of 10,000 shares of the Company’s stock to Mr. West- Inghouse, and also authorized the purchase from Mr. Westinghouse of 4102 shares of the stock of the Inter- locking Switch and Signal Company of Harrisburg, Pa. At a meeting of the directors in Hartford on April 13, 1881, the name of the company was changed to “The Union Switch & Signal Company,” and the capital stock was increased to $1,500,000 to finance the purchase of the total assets and property of the Interlocking Switch and Signal Company. Later in the year the plants at Boston and Harrisburg were moved to Pittsburgh and consolidated at Garrison Alley and Duquesne Way. The Union Switch & Signal Company was chartered under the laws of Pennsvlvania in 1882. In taking over the interests of the Interlocking Switch and Signal Company, it had acquired the patents of H. Tilden and F. S. Guerber for Hydraulic Interlocking, the frst installation of which was made at East St. Louis in 1882. This system gave Mr. Westinghouse the idea of using compressed air for switch and signal operation, the result being the Hydro-Pneumatic System wherein control was furnished by liquid under pressure, the operating power being compressed air. Later developments brought forth the Electro-Pneumatic System, which is in use today and in which the control is by electricity, the operating power compressed air. Broadening its activities in 1884, the Company began the manufacture of electric lamps and electric lighting apparatus under the Stanley and Westinghouse patents. This business grew so rapidly that the Westinghouse Elec- tric Company (now the Westinghouse Electric and Manu- facturing Company) was organized to take it over. In 1886, the Electric Company bought the Garrison Alley property from the Union Switch & Signal Company, and the latter, seeking a new location, purchased the plant of the old Swissvale Car Works at Swissvale, eight miles east of Pittsburgh, whence it moved in 1887 and which site it still occupies. The business and property of the National Switch and Signal Company were purchased in 1898. This purchase included the assets of the Johnson Railroad Signal Com- pany which had previously been absorbed by the National Company. In 1901, the Company completed the erection of a new plant at Swissvale. A portion of this plant was destroyed by fire in 1917, but was promptly rebuilt and today the industry boasts one of the most modern and best equipped factories in the Pittsburgh District, with a force of close to 5.000 employees. The purchase of the total outstanding stock, amounting to approximately $6,700,000, by the Westinghouse Air Brake Company, was consummated in March, 1917, but the Company still remains under separate management with the following officers: W. D. Uptegraff, Chairman of the Board of Directors; A. L. Humphrey, President; G. A. Blackmore, First Vice President; T. W. Siemon, Second Vice President; T. S. Grubbs, Third Vice President and Secretary and Treasurer; M. K. Garrett, Assistant Treas- urer; S. S. Graham, Assistant Secretary; Charles A. Rowan, Controller; John I. Rankin, Auditor; W. H. Cheffey, Assistant Auditor. The Company produces a complete line of signaling systems for all classes of steam and electric transportation, including the Westinghouse System of Electro-Pneumatic Block Signaling and Interlocking; Pneumatic, Electro- Pneumatic, Electric, Electro-Mechanical and purely me- chanical appliances for railway protection; Automatic, Semi-Automatic and Manually Operated Block Signals; all kinds of Iron and Brass Foundry Castings for com- mercial purposes, and a wide.variety of Automobile and Machine Forgings. District offices are maintained at New York. Chicago, St. Louis and San Francisco. HE WESTINGHOUSE UNION BATTERY COMPANY Pittsburgh has been prominently represented in the automobile battery industry since the organization in February, 1920, of the Westinghouse Union Battery Company as an offspring of the Westinghouse Air Brake Company. Though scarcely more than a year old, the new enterprise has made remarkable progress, having already gained nation-wide recognition in the battery field. The product thus far has been limited to batteries for automotive starting, lighting and ignition, but storage batteries for house-lighting plants will be added shortly, to be followed in due course by signal system batteries, batteries for mine and industrial locomotives, for vehicles, for central station work, and in fact, for every purpose for which storage batteries are required. The Company’s plant is housed in the large five-story modern fire-vroof buildings erected by the Union Switch & Signal Company at Swissvale for the production of aircraft motors during the war. Each separate floor in the buildings has been arranged to form a complete pro- duction unit. As the production reaches the maximum of existing units, an additional unit is thrown into opera- tion. As soon as the present manufacturing facilities are fully utilized, an additional plant will be constructed on ground adjacent to the plant which is being held vacant ‘or that purpose. A procession of finished batteries Westinghouse Union Battery Company The capacity of each production unit is limited only by the number of batteries that can pass over the finish- ing table, a photograph of which is shown herewith. A rigid system of inspection insures that each battery will be thoroughly tested at all of the various stages of construe- tion from the moulding of the first “grid” to the final assembly at the finishing table. Thus, each battery as it goes to the shipping department bears an inspection tag signed by an inspector certifying that the battery meets the exacting specifications of the manufacturer. This tag remains on the battery and is so designed that it may be used by the automobile owner for recording the condition of the battery when he visits a service station for the free testing and filling service to which he is entitled. Firm in its resolve to make and market a battery that would be a credit to Pittsburgh and uphold the standards developed by the parent Westinghouse organization during the past fifty years, the new Company brought together some of the foremost battery experts in the country, including P. E. Norris, Production Engineer, who has been prominently identified with battery manufacture for years; K. W. Gasche, Chemical Engineer, formerly with the Willard Storage Battery Company in a similar capacity, and T. H. Guild, Sales Manager, who has had wide experi- ence in the marketing of automobiles and automobile accessories. The active management of the Company is in the capable hands of Thomas R. Cook, a well-known figure in the electrical world, who was chosen as Vice President and General Manager. A. L. Humphrey is chairman of the Board of Directors, and D. F. Crawford, President. Westinghouse Batteries are marketed through distri- buting organizations which control territories of sufficient size to interest men of large calibre and to insure adequate returns on capital invested. The Pittsburgh Service Com- pany, with headquarters at Centre and Morewood Avenues, Pittsburgh, is the distributor for Western Pennsylvania and West Virginia, H. C. Mode, formerly connected with the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, is President of the Service Company, and H. J. Collins, recently with the Westinghouse Air Brake and the Union Switch & Signal Companies, is Secretary and Treasurer. Electrical apparatus forms a large proportion of the export trade of the United States, which has attained unprecedented proportions in the last year or two. The facilities afforded by the First National Bank at Pittsburgh, in promoting exports and imports, have aided very materially in the commercial expansion of the nation. In this branch of banking, as well as in all details of domestic finance, this institution offers expert service. Cargoes of merchandise on their way to any part of the world can be financed economically and satisfactorily by our trained specialists. Direct correspondents and ample resources permit this to be done. Particular mention is made of the facilities of our Foreign Exchange Department, as follows: ForREIGN EXCHANGE: Drafts, Cheques, Money Orders and Bills of Exchange are bought and sold at current rates in dollars or foreign currencies. CommEeRciAL CREDITS: We issue Letters of Credit, drafts against which may be drawn at sight or time, to finance imports and exports. COLLECTIONS: Cheques and drafts are accepted for collection payable in foreign currencies, and when necessary we make ad- vances pending collection. ACCEPTANCES: For the purpose of financing imports, exports or domes- tic shipments, Acceptance Credits are granted maturing at thirty, sixty, or ninety days. Commodities stored in warehouses may also be financed under such Credits. ForeiGN CrEDIT INFORMATION: We place at the disposal of our clients, the services of our Foreign Credit Department, and will gladly secure special reports either by mail or cable. Our friends and customers are invited to make use of these facilities and acquaint our foreign department with the products in which they are interested and the countries where they wish to develop business. PRINCIPAL FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS ENGLAND: Egypt: London County, Westminster & Comptoir National d’Escompte de Parr’s Bank, Ltd. Paris. Barclays Bank, Ltd., London. Inpia: Comptoir National d’Escompte de National Bank of India. Paris, London. Cox & Company. Cox & Co., London. (HINA: [RELAND: International Banking Corporation. Munster & Leinster Bank. Chartered Bank of India, Australia Bank of reland & China. Belfast Banking Co., Ltd. Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking SCOTLAND: Corporation. Union Bank of Scotland, Ltd. Japan: Yokohama Specie Bank. FRANCE: AUSTRALIA: Comptoir National d’Escompte de Commercial Bank of Australia, Ltd. Paris. SouTH AFRICA: BeLGium: National Bank of South Africa. . J. Mathieu et fils, Brussels. {"ANADA: Bank of Antwerp, Antwerp. Dominion Bank of Canada. HoLLAND: Canadian Bank of Commerce. Rotterdamsche Bankvereeniging. SPAIN: Banco Espanol del Rio de la Plata. PorrucaL: Bank of Portugal. SWITZERLAND: Swiss Bank Corporation. [TALY: Banca Commerciale Italiana. Credito Italiano. DENMARK: Den Danske Landmandsbank. SWEDEN: Aktiebolaget Stockholms Handels- bank. Norway: Centralbanken for Norge. GERMANY: Deutsche Bank. GERMAN-AUSTRIA: Credit Anstalt, Vienna. PoLAND: Bank Diskontowy Warszawski, Warsaw. Wiener Bank Verein, Krakau. CZRCHO-SLOVAKIA: Zivnostenska Banka, Prague. Bohemian Union Bank. JTuGo-SLAvIia: Wiener Bank-Verein, Zagreb. Banque Franco-Serbe. Bank of Jugo-Slavia, Ltd. SERBIA: Banque Franco-Serbe. GREECE: National Bank of Greece. Bank of Athens. Commercial Bank of Greece BULGARIA: National Bank of Bulgaria. RouMANIA: Banque Marmorosch Blank & Co. Turkey: Bank of Athens, Constantinople. Syria: Banco di Roma. OFFICERS LAWRENCE KE. SANDS. . FraNK F. Brooks... Crype C. TayvLoR.. Taos. B. Hupsox. Oscar WiLson... WM. J. Frank. . P. W. DAHINDEN. . J. PavL Forp.. .. President _..Vice President .....Cashier ....Asststant Cashier ... Assistant Cashier . Manager Foreign Department .v..... Assistant Manager Foreign Department . Assistant Manager Foreign Department DIRECTORS JoHN A. Beck. ....President, Big Four Oil & Gas Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Frank F. Brooks... Wu. L. Curry.. ... Manufacturer, Pittsburgh, Pa. JorN A. DoONALDSON. ...... Vice President, Pittsburgh Coal Company Wum. H. HEARNE. ......Director, La Belle Iron Works, Steubenville, O. J. H. HiLuman, Jr... .. .. ee Chairman of the Board, Hillman Coal & Coke Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. D. T. Laymaw, Jr... A. M. MoRrgLAND. —....Capitalist P. W. MORGAN.............President, East Pittsburgh National Bank Wm. A. ReEnsaaw........... John A. Renshaw & Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Lawrence E. Sanps. .. Isaac M. Scorr.. Jorn M. WiLsoN. . . ........Vice President National Supply Conipany JR rE To Ts avesrpra senses gages sere SES TER, “and an Xs dg FIFTH AVENUE AND WOOD STREET CONVENIENT FOR YOU First National Bank at Pittsburgh CAPITAL .... oii SurpPLUS .. WIT IE IEE RTRO NERS hee AE HHI oe Le dH ebelred $4,000,000.00 2.000,000.00 ISIN, Ire : 0 3 — 2 lw FH ; 3 ¢ 3 4 » 3 : z Q nN mo 1%] » NS 2 oo tn | > ‘MN nN = hy o8) on “J = T r 5 -., oth 3 CHiN EE { k § — Uy OO 0 - "Dy oD ND) I £4 ] oS rd 0 ~ I ~d > ~ OQ ~ ml yr od o on v > © In taking over the interests of the Interlocking Switch and Signal Company, it had acquired the patents of H. Tilden and F. S. Guerber for Hydraulic Interlocking, the first installation of which was made at East St. Louis in 1882. This system gave Mr. Westinghouse the idea of using compressed air for switch and signal operation, the result being the Hydro-Pneumatic System wherein control was furnished by liquid under pressure, the operating power being compressed air. Later developments brought forth the Electro-Pneumatic System, which is in use today and in which the control is by electricity, the operating power compressed air. Broadening its activities in 1884, the Company began the manufacture of electric lamps and electric lighting apparatus under the Stanley and Westinghouse patents. This business grew so rapidly that the Westinghouse Elec- tric Company (now the Westinghouse Electric and Manu- facturing Company) was organized to take it over. In 1886, the Electric Company bought the Garrison Alley property from the Union Switch & Signal Company, and the latter, seeking a new location, purchased the plant of the old Swissvale Car Works at Swissvale, eight miles east of Pittsburgh, whence it moved in 1887 and which site it still occupies. The business and property of the National Switch and Signal Company were purchased in 1898. This purchase ncluded the assets of the Johnson Railroad Signal Com- pany which had previously been absorbed by the National Company. In 1901, the Company completed the erection of a new plant at Swissvale. A portion of this plant was destroyed by fire in 1917, but was promptly rebuilt and today the ndustry boasts one of the most modern and best equipped ‘actories in the Pittsburgh District, with a force of close to 5.000 employees. The purchase of the total outstanding stock, amounting lo approximately $6,700,000, by the Westinghouse Air Brake Company, was consummated in March, 1917, but the Company still remains under separate management with the following officers: W. D. Uptegraff, Chairman of O © n “my