= GENT RE TT fd SE AE tC An edition of 100 of which this is No Droveptsd to This volume is a combination of a series of booklets published by the First National Bank at Pittsburgh, in exposition of our city’s progress in business and culture. It is fitting that this record be dedicated to the memory of the late beloved president of the First National Bank, Mr. Lawrence E. Sands, whose vision and work has made a very deep impression upon the general welfare of this community. May we hope that this volume will be worthy of a place in your library, not only for your own pleasure and information, but also for any inspiration it may furnish for a future generation to maintain and enhance the fine traditions of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. THE FirsT NaTIONAL BANK AT Prrrspurcs, PITTSBURGH, Pa. IE EI TC EOE EI EE ET EEC CDR ERD DED IO ERE ES ROE EES TTI ET enn ra See: The Story of PITTSBURGH Volume One Number Sixteen Hospitals First National Bank at Pittsburgh December, 1928 CECE “REE This booklet, prepared and published by the First National Bank at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is one of a series issued, from time to time, since August, 1919, portraying the various industries of the Pittsburgh district, with the intention of emphasizing the importance of Pittsburgh as a commercial and financial metropolis. A large number of its many industries and altruistic enterprises, have been described in the booklets, of which sixteen have been published, to date. The following is a list of the subjects discussed, with the date of issue: Vol. 1, No. 1—Introductory Booklet... ..August, 1919 Vol. 1, No. 2—Iron and Steel........... September, 1919 Vol. 1, No. 3—Iron and Steel (Part 2)... January, 1920 Vol. 1, No. 4—Coal and Coke. .........June, 1920 Vol. 1, No. 5—Glass.... ........December, 1920 Vol. 1, No. 6—Electrical Appliances. ....March, 1921 Vol. 1, No. 7"—Radium. . . ... August, 1921 Vol. 1, No. 8—Cement and Concrete. . . . December, 1921 Vol. 1, No. 9—Clay Products. ..........December, 1922 Vol. 1, No. 10—Petroleum and Natural Gas. .......... .December, 1923 Vol. 1, No. 11—Petroleum and Natural Gas (Part 2)..........December, 1924 Vol. 1, No. 12—Food Products. .........December, 1925 Vol. 1, No. 13—Diversified Products. . . . . April, 1927 Vol. 1, No. 14—Education. .............. April, 1928 Vol. 1, No. 15—Education (Part 2)... ....April, 1928 Vol. 1, No. 16—Hospitals December, 1928 The Story of Pittsburgh Hospitals eo jo HE most important step forward in Pittsburgh’s medical history was made when the acquisition of the H. XK. Porter property, in the Oakland district, enabled the School of Medicine of the University of Pittsburgh to bring into being a long cherished project—the formation of the Medical Center. Under the supervision of Dr. R. R. Huggins, dean of the School of Medicine, seven fine medical institutions, of widely diversified interests, have united to form this Medical Center. Most of these will be located on the University property, at Oakland, the first institution to be completed being the Children’s Hospital. The others are all now carrying on the work of the Medical Center in their present localities, pending the building of their new homes. Most of them will eventually be on the grounds of the University. They are: Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Presbyterian Hospital, Eye and Ear Hospital, Pittsburgh Free Dispensary and the School of Medicine of the University of Pittsburgh. The Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital will continue to occupy its present well-equipped and beautiful home, and the Tuberculosis League Hospital, which has proved of inestimable value to Pittsburgh. will also continue in its present quarters. Pittsburgh has every reason to be proud of its Medical Center, which promises to become one of the most important seats of research and discovery in preventive medicine in the United States. The Medical Center is the largest aggregation of hospitals in the city, but there are many other large, fine, well-equipped hospitals, carrying on their work alone, and each is a pride and a blessing to suffering humanity. Pittsburgh feels that there are no better hospitals in the country than those within her own domain. ALLEGHENY COUNTY HOME AND HOSPITALS The Allegheny County Home and Hospitals as established at Woodville, was created by an Act of the Assembly at the session of 1852 for the reception and accommodation of the poor of Allegheny county, exclusive of the City of Pittsburgh. The institution is located at Woodville, Pa., in Collier township, ten miles west of Pittsburgh, on the Washington branch of the Pan Handle Railroad. There are three departments to the institution, viz.:— the “Home,” in which the aged and infirm are given care and hospital treatment; the hospital for mental diseases, and Hill Crest Sanatorium, where all patients suffering from tuberculosis are treated. The original buildings for the Home department were erected in 1853. In 1910, these buildings were razed and replaced with a modern building and equipment. This department is caring for 750 patients, 150 of these requiring hospital care. The department for Mental Diseases was erected in 1900. Prior to this time, Allegheny County maintained mental patients in the several State institutions. This is the largest department of the institution, having at the present time a population of over 1500 patients. In this department, there is a hospital unit of 100 bed capacity, complete in every detail in the way of laboratory, operating room, X-ray, violet ray, and hydrotherapy equipment. However, patients in all departments have access to the service of this hospital unit. Prior to 1916, a camp was maintained for the treatment of tubercular patients, but in 1916, Hill Crest Sanatorium was erected. This building is located at an elevation of 1100 feet and provides for the accommodation of 350 patients. The farm in connection with the institution, comprises 1200 acres, .on which is maintained a herd of 150 registered Holstein cattle, 500 Duroc-Jersey hogs, 6500 White Leghorn chickens and 18 head of horses. During the year 1927, the products of the farm amounted to $60,000. The Out Door Relief Department of the Institution functions through the offices of the Directors of the Poor, located in Room 5386, Court House, Pittsburgh. This De- partment during the year 1927 distributed relief to the poor of the county amounting to $140,000. The management of the Allegheny County Home and Hospital is under the supervision of the Directors of the Poor, of which Maj. J. Clyde Miller of Homestead is president, H. H. Dixon of Millvale, vice president, and Dr. W. L. Henderson of East McKeesport, secretary. Dr. G. A. Me-Cracken is superintendent. ALLEGHENY GENERAL HOSPITAL The Allegheny General Hospital, on the North Side of the City of Pittsburgh, was incorporated December 4, 1882, and formally opened February 15, 1886. It was rebuilt in 1904. Its bed capacity in 1886 was 50, and this had increased to 405 in the year of 1927. The number of patients admitted in 1886 was 369, and this increased to 6550 in the 1926-1927 year, ending May 31. Expenditures in 1887 were $20,177.82, and in the latest year named they had grown to $628,749.08. The endowment fund in the first year was $10,000, and this had increased by the end of 1927 to $3,104,449.58; of this, $712,024.58 was general, $442,425.00 laboratory, and $1,950.-000.00 in memorial and other special funds. Illustrative of changed conditions, the annual report states that the actual average per capita per diem cost, 1886-1887, was 96 cents, while in 1926-1927 the actual average per diem cost was $5.25. Total patient days of treatment in the year ended May 31, 1926, were 119,654; patients’ days in wards, 82,507; patients’ days in private rooms, 37,147; total patients admitted to wards and private rooms, 6,550; patients admitted to private rooms, 3,912. The average stay of private room patients was a little more than 14 days, the average stay of ward patients a little over 21 days, and the average stay of hospital patients was a little over 18 days. The total number of free days service rendered over the past fiscal year was 50,271. These facts briefly stated, give an insight into the need of a hospital of this character on the North Side. The School of Nursing has reached its 40th anniversary and has issued “The Stethoscope,” which tells of its activities. mm 5 wo erie Tre i Bmp LB, © ER eB Proposed West Flank of the Allegheny General Hospital From an early period, nurses from this institution have given their services in the foreign fields, and at present the school is represented by graduates in India. Egypt, Abyssinia and Liberia. Directors of the Allegheny General Hospital have been able, through the generosity of the Park and Chalfant families, and through the purchase of the Sawyer estate and sundry other plots of ground in the neighborhood of these properties, to acquire sufficient land in what is probably the most desirable location in the downtown section of the city of Pittsburgh, for the erection of a new Allegheny General Hospital, which will rank as one of the finest modern hospitals in the country. The gift by the families named comprises about three acres on North avenue, facing the park, in the same district in which the institution has been serving for forty years. Other plots enlarge the site to 8.22 acres. The scheme for the new building provides for a building 250 feet long, 45 feet wide and 15 stories high, forming a central stem. This is to be flanked on either side by three projecting wings, one of nine stories and the other two of three stories each. From the north end of the hospital a connecting passage extends to the nurses’ home, a nine story building 192 feet long. The design of the hospital is based on the Lombard brick architecture of Northern Italy. The chief features of the plans provide for ample light and air, and the circulation between all departments, the horizontal travel having been reduced to a minimum by grouping everything around the main bank of elevators located at the very center of the building, The William H. Singer Memorial Research Laboratory was founded by Mrs. Singer, widow of Mr. Singer, and by their children, G. Harton Singer, Mrs. W. Ross Proctor, and Mrs. Robert Milligan. After the completion of the building, at the northeast corner of Sandusky street and Park way, and its thorough equipment, the entire property was turned over to the board of trustees of the Allegheny General Hospital as a gift to that institution, provided that it should be used both as a research laboratory for the study of general medical and surgical problems, and as a means of furnishing the hospital with a high grade of routine laboratory work. The labora- tory is a rectangular building of brick trimmed with limestone, and is 115 feet long and 60 feet wide. In addition to the three stories of height there is a large working basement. The board of directors follows: Rev. Dr. Maitland Alexander, president; William C. Robinson, first vice president; H. L. Mason, Jr., second vice president; Edmund W. Mudge, third vice president; J. N. Davidson, treasurer; Edward G. Lang, assistant treasurer; C. F. Holdship, secretary. Other directors than above are: Henry Chalfant, Harry Darlington, Jr., Carroll P. Davis, George M. M’Candless, Walter S. Mitchell, Mrs. Henry R. Rea, J. Frederic Byers, B. F. Jones, Jr., Mrs. Robert Milligan, Lewis A. Park, G. Harton Singer, Sidney S. Liggett, Hon. Josiah Cohen, William G. Costin, Thomas A. McGinley, J. Denniston Lyon, Frederick C. Perkins. Mrs. W. C. Robinson and James Lyall Stuart. Dr. G. Walter Zulauf is superintendent of the hospital, and Miss Lottie Darling, R. N.. is suverintendent of nurses. ALLEGHENY VALLEY HOSPITAL The Allegheny Valley Hospital, Tarentum, Pa., was established on January 21, 1909. The building used was on Second avenue and formerly known as the Barr Building. Mrs. Emily Hill was matron of the institution and Miss Chatham, head nurse. Many of the prominent ladies of the community loaned their services to the institution and they had many trials to contend with before it was properly organized. Nothing was too menial for these willing workers, and they did whatever they were called upon to do from scrubbing the floors to cooking the meals. To these noble women the community owes much. After two years the hospital was transferred to West Tarentum, where it remained until the new and present building was finished, which is located in Harrison township, Carlisle street, Natrona Heights. This was in June, 1919. The hospital is always open to the sick and injured of whatever race. creed or position. It is a 100 bed hospital. The School for Nurses was established in May, 1910. The first class to graduate was in 1912. There were four graduates. The curriculum of the school is arranged for the three-year course, to meet the requirements of the State of Pennsylvania. The hospital is fortunate in having a very fine staff of surgeons and physicians. Not only do these men take an active interest in the welfare of the hospital and their patients but also in the nurses. The training school is indebted to them for the unlimited time they have given to lectures to the classes on the various subjects of the course coming under their supervision, and the professional service rendered during illness. A $110,000 nurses’ home is being erected at the present time. This will be ready for occupancy July 1, 1929. Board of Directors: John E. White, president; J. W. Stephenson, vice-president; Frank U. Bert, secretary; S. C. Hookey, Geo. H. Dickey, J. F. Trees, W. F. Detwiler, Earl McGraw, Walter Brinton, Thomas C. Conroy, Fred Laufer, C. K. Nichols, Paul F. Voigt, James Green, J. R. Rudert. Cora B. Lash, R.N., is superintendent and Margaret P. Reed, R. N., superintendent of nurses. BELVEDERE GENERAL HOSPITAL The Belvedere General Hospital, located on Paulson ave., East End, Pittsburgh, was founded by Dr. G. Alvin, the present medical director, in 1921. In 1922 a charter was secured under the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, making it a community hospital, a charitable institution with a free dispensary, affording medical and surgical aid to the sick, injured, and disabled. A board of directors was appointed and a woman’s auxiliary organized.. The hospital is well equipped with an X-Ray department, with a competent radiographer in charge, a drug department with registered pharmacists in charge. The operating room has all facilities for performing operations of any nature. In connection with the operating room there is a complete and most modern sterilizer. The development of a perfectly functioning hospital having been made, the most urgent necessity remains to be faced, that is, more room to house those requiring admission. A floor was added to the institution last year, but we still need more room to relieve suffering of our fellowmen regardless of religion or creed. Belvedere General Hospital 541 Paulson Avenue If our friends who are able to contribute will help the institution, the management will be able to add an additional building to the hospital which will bring assistance and comfort to a greater number of unfortunates. In the face of manv difficulties much advancement has been made in our work. A medical staff has been appointed to take care of the various departments. The free dispensary has been opened and a training school for nurses has been started. Group Medicine is practised in this Institution for the welfare of the patients. Several of the staff doctors competent in their respective field may examine the patient, and with the aid of (a) Clinical Laboratory providing chemical-bacteriological, serological, and pathological services; (b) X-Ray and Fluoroscopic services; (c) Physical Therapy service. With these diagnostic and theropeutic facilities available under competent supervision and with our aim to meet the requirements of the American College of Surgeons and the American Hospital Association, we are in a position to give the patients the best that medical science can offer. The great work of the hospital is recognized by the State. Last session an appropriation was passed by the legislature of Pennsylvania, so the institution is under state control, having a member of the Department of Welfare to check up the work done by the institution. and a state auditor to audit the books quarterly. The board of directors, the medical staff and the women’s auxiliary are doing their share. Will you do yours and make :his hospital, your institution, a success? To the generous public and active friends who are helping this good cause, the board of directors extend their thanks for their good work and with hopeful confidence for future success. Directors of the Belvedere Hospital are: S. W. Means, president; Dr. G. Alvin, first vice president; Dr. H. M. Goehring, second vice president; W. B. Sands, secretary; W. W. Johnston, treasurer; Hon. Clyde Kelly, Dr. J. S. Mackrell, Dr. W. H. Over and the Rev. De Francesco. BRADDOCK GENERAL HOSPITAL The first suggestion for a hospital for the historical town of Braddock came from the pen of a young newspaperman about 1890. Editorials on the subject came at infrequent intervals for the next few years. Then came an anonymous gift of $200 with which to start a hospital fund. The women of the town took up the work in earnest and gave a bazaar which netted them $3,500. The Hospital Association was formed and the raising of money began seriously. The Braddock Medical Society and the Braddock Board of Trade united their forces and funds, and together with the Hospital Association purchased the Mills homestead. Thus the Braddock General Hospital was launched in June, 1906. The little hospital of 30 beds was soon inadequate to care for the needs of the community, and a new wing was built, adding 70 beds. This building was too soon overcrowded, and a second wing was built, making the bed capacity 125. The buildings were completely modernized and equipped with the many conveniences so essential to the success of an efficient hospital. During the past year a new department of Physical Therapy was opened and new X-Ray equipment installed. The Braddock Hospital has a recognized training school for nurses, which graduates a class each year. A modern nurses’ home was built in 1927 which enhances the comfort and pleasure of the students. The hospital is governed by a board of managers consisting of seven business men of the community. These men unselfishly devote their time and energy toward keeping the hospital up to the necessary high standards required for service and recognition. The hospital is recognized by the American College of Surgeons and the American Medical Association, and is approved by-the Pennsylvania State Board of Medical Education and Licensure. Miss A. Grace Scott is the superintendent and the members of the board of managers are: George Watt, president W. J. Tracey, vice president; H. J. Wagner, Titus Hodder, A. L. Lipsky, Walter Yenny, and J. A. Lawler. B. P. Byrgerson is treasurer and A. P. Roderus is secretary. CANONSBURG GENERAL HOSPITAL Situated on an elevation on the borders of Canonsburg, the Canonsburg General Hospital receives full benefit from the bright sunshine and the refreshing breezes. In the twenty-five years of its existence, the hospital has made wonderful strides, and from a hospital the size of the average home, it has grown until now it is a building four stories high, having accommodation for fifty-five patients. Building plans are under way at the present time, which, when carried out, will add materially to the betterment of this splendid institution. The original hospital, now used as a nurses’ home, is entirely inadequate to house the student and graduate nurses, and plans are being drawn at the present time to build a large and modern home at a cost of approximately $45,000. This new nurses’ home will conform in every way with State board regulations. The Canonsburg Hospital School of Nursing is an accredited school offering a three year course, and is open to girls between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five years of age, having one year of academic high school work. Students are well cared for, and could not find more pleasant surroundings in which to study. The institution is under the control of a board of directors, of which the officers are: President, J. H. McBurney; vice president, W. H. Dunlap; secretary, Charles Schade; treasurer, George McNutt. Olive McWilliams, R. N., is the superintendent, and Elizabeth Ralston, R.N., assistant superintendent, are assisted by a staff of five graduate nurses. There is an open staff of eighteen doctors, who are from Canonsburg and the surrounding towns. These doctors, in their faithful and competent work, make it possible for the the hospital to maintain its present high standard. CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH The Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh is free to every sick child regardless of color, race and creed, who is in need of aid, and is unable to pay for it. There are, also, attractive rooms for private and semi-private patients, and the kind of medical and surgical treatment that only a children’s hospital can supply. This hospital is the gift of over 22,000 citizens of Pittsburgh and neighboring towns, who, in 1924, gave sixteen hundred thousand dollars to build and equip it. The present or- Ec The Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh The First Building Erected in the Medical Center ganization is a continuation of the Children’s Hospital that was opened in 1897 by a small group of men and women, who for so many years supported it entirely by their own contributions and those of their friends. Later it received State aid sufficient to pay about one-third of its expenses, and this was augmented in. 1911 by the establishment of “Flower Day,” on which the public of Pittsburgh and neighboring towns contribute most generously towards the needs of the Hospital. Private subscriptions and endowments very inadequately romplete its support. During the forty-one years of its existence, the Children’s Hospital has aided, through its visiting nurses and Social Service Department, its dispensaries and hospital wards, over a hundred thousand sick children. In November, 1926, the hospital moved into its new building, where with its greatly enlarged opportunities and facilities, it expects to stand second to none in children’s hospital work. The building is modern throughout, unusually well squipped and attractively furnished. The brick and stone building, standing on the ground of the University of Pittsburgh, is eight stories high, and is fire proof and practically sound proof throughout. It is surrounded by open spaces which giveit an abundance of light and sunshine; while from its broad porches, which are accessible to every ward, the children have magnificent views of one of the most picturesque and beautiful cities of America. “Their ywn Pittsburgh.” The general plan of the building is as follows: The subbasement contains the boilers, ice plant. coal storage, incinsrator and generator. The basement contains the brace shop; here are made the braces for the patients in the hospital wards and for the dispensary patients. The braces are supplied at cost to the hospital and dispensary patients, when they can pay. The department also does brace work for outside physicians and so aids in its own support. On this floor is also a well equipped laundry, carpenter and paint shop, rest room for the help and general storage rooms. On the floor above are the diet kitchen and milk laboracory, the main kitchens, dining rooms for staff, graduate and student nurses, a small dining room for guests and two dining rooms for the help. The first (or main floor) contains the lobby, reception room, children’s library, administrative offices and staff room. In another wing of this floor is the dispensary, with its social service department, record, registration. examining rooms and the pharmacy. On the second floor is found a cheerful playroom with windows on two sides, also a large porch where all the ward children can come for fresh air and sunshine. This floor contains one ten-bed ward with glass partitions, eleven cubicle rooms, and a number of smaller wards. There is also on this Hoor, a complete operating room suite for tonsil and adenoid rases, an examination room, treatment and reception rooms. The third floor is the infants’ department. Here are found cubicle rooms, one large ward of ten cribs, with glass partitions, and three smaller wards. The dental, radiography, fluoroscopy, physiotherapy, photography departments and the reception room are in a separate wing of this floor. The medical department for older children is on the fourth floor and contains a ten-bed ward with glass partitions, eleven cubicle rooms and three smaller wards. The resident physicians’ quarters, the reception room and a large class room for medical students, occupy a segregated portion of this floor. On the fifth floor are found the private and semi-private rooms. The private rooms open on porches where the children can be easily wheeled out through the windows that open to the floor. The laboratories, medical library, office and record rooms and a small reception room are situated on this floor. The sixth floor is similar to the fifth except that on this floor are found the two major operating rooms, a sterilizing room, anesthesia and plaster rooms, together with the reception room, which is a feature on each floor of the hospital. The seventh floor contains the superintendent’s suite, instructors’ offices and the teaching headquarters of the training school department. This includes the demonstration room (with an unusual equipment for practical nursing procedures), a class room, domestic science, bacteriological and chemical laboratories, entirely for the instruction of student nurses. The training school was founded in 1909. It is under the medical care of the staff, and the supervision of the superintendent of the hospital. Fourteen hospitals who send their students to the Children’s Hospital for this special training, are affiliated with it. There has also been established a postgraduate course of instruction for graduate nurses interested in the special nursing care of children. The eighth floor is planned for the care of contagious cases and contains four entirely separate units for complete isolation. All the floors (with the exception of the eighth floor), are eqiupped with verandas of generous proportion—where the patients may have fresh air all day long. The isolation ward has proved a very great success. No disease imprisoned there has ever dropped down into the wards. During the recent period of infantile paralysis in the city, over half the children attacked were cared for in the hospital, and its laboratories made a serum, which, if used during the first stages of the disease, seems to stay the progress of the paralysis. The hospital had a letter from the Board of Health, acknowledging the great indebtedness of Pittsburgh for this service, saying there was no other agency which could have rendered it. Two wards have recently been supplied with Quartz-Lite, the ultra-violet ray glass, generously contributed by a member of the board of managers. This provides the patients with the health-giving properties of the sun, which are lost when ordinary glass is used. It is now contemplated to enclose a large outdoor balcony, on the seventh floor, with Quartz-Lite, to use as a solarium and outdoor room for the school, which averages over 40 pupils a day—eager, earnest, happy little people, putting forth every effort to learn, that they may go on with children of their own age when they are returned to the public schools, without the odium of “backward children” being attached to them. This school is the gift of the Board of Public Education to the hospital, and is the first to be opened in a Pittsburgh hospital. It is an outward expression of the fact Pittsburgh is keeping step with New York and other great cities in educational work. The Solarium is much needed by these little patients, for the mental health of afflicted children that is provided by pleasant occupation is a stimulant to their physical progress. Our physicians consider that keeping them happy and interested in intellectual and occupational work is a necessary curative measure. It will cost $25,000 to enclose this large porch and there are no funds now available, the hospital being now 50 deeply in debt. The public is urgently requested to contribute to this splendid work for the helpless and suffering children who so greatly need it. The Nurses’ homes are large, comfortable buildings, adjarent to the hospital, where the nurses are amply and comfortably cared for. The training school, always an index of the usefulness of a hospital, is constantly increasing, both in numbers and educational standards. There are more than 80 nurses in its different departments. The medical and surgical care of the patients is in the hands of the hospital staff of physicians, consisting of about 50 specialists. H. T. Price, M. D., is medical director and chief of staff. The active staff consists of: Dr. D. H. Boyd, Dr. J. K. Everhart, Dr. H. C. Flood, Dr. Z. R. Scott. The orthopedic staff has as chief of service, Dr. David Silver, with Dr. W. O. Markell and Dr. C. C. Yount as his active staff; Dr. E. W. Meredith and Dr. W. O. Sherman, surgical staff. Dr. J. R. Simpson is head of the oto-laryngologists. Dr. C. H. Henninger is the neurologist. Dr. Ralph V. Robinson is roentgenologist. The dispensaries have also a large and very competent staff of physicians, in the medical, surgical, skin, orthopedic, ear, nose and throat. nervous. mental and dental departments. More than 2400 children have gone through its wards during the first year the hospital has been in its new building, and over 14,000 visits have been paid to its dispensaries. On October 26, 1927, the hospital suffered the very great loss of its much-loved superintendent, Mrs. Rye Morley Kinsey. She was a woman of charming personality and very great executive ability, and as the executive had made a name as a superintendent among the foremost children’s hospitals of the country. Miss Laura B. Wilson, who was head of the training school for nurses, was acting superintendent until the arrival of Miss Pearl Braithwaite, the new superintendent, who came from the Children’s Hospital of Cleveland. The following is the board of managers: Dr. Thos. S. Arbuthnot, president; H. V. Blaxter, first vice persident; Southard Hay, secretary; George W. M’Candless, treasurer; Mrs. Herbert DuPuy, chairman executive committee; Mrs. Benjamin Page, vice chairman executive committee; James W. Barber, W. W. Blackburn, Dr. John G. Bowman, Julian Burdick, William L. Clause, Mrs. D. M. Clemson, Mrs. O. M. Edwards, Jr., Miss Helen C. Frick, Mrs. William J. Holland, Mrs. W. Terrell Johnson, Mrs. Stewart Johnston, Francis A. Keating, W. B. Klee, Mrs. Joseph W. Marsh, Mrs. Grant McCargo, William L. Monro, Mrs. James D. Murray, R. B. Mellon, A. M. Imbrie, Mrs. W. H. Rowe, Mrs. W. A. Seifert, Mrs. William Henry Siviter, Mrs. J. Ramsey Speer, and Mrs. Henry Wittmer. CITIZENS GENERAL HOSPITAL In the spring of 1912 a small private hospital known as Trinity Hospital was started in the present residence of W. Riley Alter, Parnassus, Pa. By September of this same year Trinity Hospital, having failed financially, was taken over by four ladies, Mrs. T. E. McConnell, Mrs. F. J. McAllister, Mrs. J. H. Eckley and Mrs. G. B. Campbell. To these four ladies belongs great credit for their far-sightedness in continuing to operate Trinity Hospital until the whole community awakened to the need of a hospital in their midst. This need was recognized in December, 1912, when the citizens of New Kensington, Arnold and Parnassus incorporated the hospital and changed the name from Trinity Hospital to Citizens General Hospital, New Kensington, Pa. The following were the first officers of the corporation: R. E. Withers, president: F. E. Pratt, treasurer, and George A. Clark, secretary. The hospital continued to function in the Alter residence until the need of more room and facilities brought about the building of the present hospital at corner of Seventh street and Fourth avenue. The dedication of this A iri coop one biti Bit Citizens General Hospital, New Kensington, Pa. building took place October 10, 1915. Patients were moved into the building immediately following the dedication. During October, 1922, a splendid nurses’ residence, containing forty rooms, having been erected, was donated to the hospital by Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Kinloch of Parnassus. Today Citizens General Hospital has a capacity of 100 patients and the need of additional rooms is most urgent. This need will have to be met in the near future in order to carry on the work in an acceptable manner. Within the hospital one finds every phase of hospital work being carried out. This is further supplemented by the training school for nurses. The hospital and training school respectively are approved by the American College of Surgeons and the Department of Education of Pennsylvania. Members of board of trustees are: president, M. H. Mainwaring; vice-president, Frank Wolff; treasurer, F. E. Pratt; F. R. Alter, W. A. Thomas, H. Burns Smith, Julius Eiges, O. N. Shaffer, E. T. Conner, Wm. F. McCabe, T. R. Moore, F. R. Elwood, J. R. Copeland, W. L. Hankey, Mrs. D. A. Leslie and Mrs. Belle E. Kinloch. Officers of ladies’ auxiliary are: president, Mrs. Belle E. Kinloch; first vicepresident, Mrs. J. L. Otterman; second vice-president, Mrs. R. S. Woodwood; secretary, Mrs. Fred King; treasurer, Mrs. F.S. Moran. Administrative officers of hospital are: William E. Barron, superintendent and secretary to board of trustees, and Miss Eva P. Craig, directress of nurses. COLUMBIA HOSPITAL The Columbia Hospital is now in the 38th year of its usefulness. It is located at Penn avenue and West street, Wilkinsburg, and is an institution of the United Presbyterian Church. It is the outgrowth of the Little Memorial Hospital, which was at first intended for use of the Orphans’ Home children, and was located on the North Side, Pittsburgh, then the City of Allegheny. Dr. James Herron gave the deed of a valuable piece of property, and later came a bequest of $15,000 from a prominent business man whose sister was a member of the board. The beautiful and well-equipped Columbia Hospital was 11 on June 1, 1906, but it soon became necessary 1» build additional rooms and a dormitory for nurses. The capacity at present is 196 beds, and a new addition is being built, to cost $100,000, and providing 11 more rooms for patients. Free patients admitted in the year ending October 1, 1926, numbered 743, requiring 11,145 days’ treatment. The approximate money value of this gratuitous treatment was $29,931.-80. The number of missionaries cared for was 22, receiving 447 days’ treatment at a cost of $2,926.40. The Out Patient Department rendered valuable service to meny who were able to pay a small fee and to those unable to pay anything. During the winter Sabbath services were conducted whenever the condition of the patients permitted. Columbia’s School for Nursing is on the accredited list of the State of Pennsylvania. The Columbia Hospital Auxiliary does valuable work in connection with the children’s ward, providing Christmas trees, Easter baskets, and other means of alleviating affliction, and from time to time, girls of the auxiliary give the use of their motor cars to the social service workers. Mrs. A. M. Scott is president; Miss Emma Mabon and Mrs. W. A. Krebs are vice presidents; Mrs. R. M. Douglas is recording secretary; Mrs. Ira Gribben is corresponding secretary ; Mrs. S. A. Taylor is donation secretary, and Miss Mary L. McCance is financial secretary. THE DIXMONT HOSPITAL The first meeting with a view to the formation of a board of managers for the creation of a hospital, afterwards known as the Western Pennsylvania Hospital, was held in the Odeon Theatre building, Pittsburgh, by a group of representative citizens of Pittsburgh and vicinity, in 1847, and on March 18, 1848, the legislature passed an act incorporating the Western Pennsylvania Hospital. There was a provision in the act that upon the payment of $100, life membership of the institution could be obtained. Nearly $20,000 was raised at this meeting, and within two years two hundred and fourteen citizens had availed themselves of this privilege. In 1848, at the time of the incorporation of the hospital, a iract of ground, containing twenty-four acres in the twelfth ward, City of Pittsburgh, was donated by Harmar Denny and E. W. H. Schenley, and their wives, for the purpose of the institution, and plans for the erection of this building were laid before the board during the year 1850, The first annual meeting of the board of managers under the charter was held in the rooms of the Board of Trade April 18, 1848. The act of incorporation was submitted to the legislature by the managers, and approved by the Governor. Francis R. Shunk, March 18, 1848. A building was erected and opened for patients in Jannary, 1853, divided into medical and surgical wards, the first president being Thomas Bakewell, who served until 1856, when John Harper became his successor. The legislature in 1855 appropriated $10,000 with the understanding that insane patients should be admitted and receive treatment of a district comprising twenty-one counties in Western Pennsylvania. The legislature on March 18, L856, appropriated $20,000 to construct buildings to accommodate the insane, but a proviso in the act prevented the expenditure of the appropriation for a site. Miss Dorothy Lynde Dix, who was then at the height of her fame as a humanitarian, was solicited to come to Pittsburgh to give her advice for a suitable location. During the year 1854, 52 insane patients had been under treatment. The board now became satisfied that cases of insanity could not be treated successfully in a hospital open for the admission of other patients, therefore, a tract of land was purchased confronting the Monongahela River, comprising the property now occupied by the Carnegie Steel Works, known then as the Edgar Thompson Steel Works. After the purchase of this property it was thought inaccessible, so far removed from Pittsburgh, that the land was sold and another tract was purchased confronting the Ohio river at a point eight miles west of Pittsburgh, now known as the Dixmont station. Later on three adjoining tracts of land were bought and the tracts united consisted of three hundred and fiftyfive acres. In honor of Miss Dix the place was named Dixmont, which name has been adopted for the railroad station at this point. Miss Dix later on made her home at the institution, living there for a period of thirteen years. The work for the erection of the new building for the care of the insane was started May 1, 1860, and on July 19, the cornerstone of the new building was laid when appropriate ceremonies in the presence of a large concourse of friends of the institution from various parts of the State were held. The new department for the insane was erected and opened for the reception of patients November 11, 1862, and one hundred and thirteen patients were transferred to it from the Western Pennsylvania Hospital in the Twelfth ward of the City of Pittsburgh. Since the opening of the institution for the insane up to June 1, 1926, 15,287 patients have been admitted. Of this number 3,558 have been restored, 4,515 improved, 1,387 unimproved and 4,736 died. The normal capacity of the hospital at the present time is 675 patients. Just now it is housing within its doors 1088 patients. In 1907 the Department for the Insane was granted a separate charter, and was afterward known as the Dixmont Hospital for the Insane. In 1921 the managers petitioned the Court of Common Pleas for a decree whereby the words “for the insane’ could be removed from the corporation of the institution. This petition was granted by the court May, 1921, the name of the hospital being changed to “The Dixmont Hospital.” The hospital is governed by a board of directors. The actual management is vested in an Executive Committee chosen by the Directors. The annual meeting of the corporation is held in December, at which time the directors appoint all officers for the ensuing year. The executive committee meets every month at the office of the hospital, and upon the call of the secretary special meetings are held in Pittsburgh. The main building stands upon a tract of ground commanding a beautiful view of the surrounding country for miles, and at an elevation of 180 feet above the Ohio River. The building is of the old-style Kirkbride plan, brick with stone trimmings, three stories in height, with four cross wards four stories in height, the wings extending out from the central or administrative building on either side. The building is 750 feet front and is old-fashioned in construction. The corridors are 12 feet wide with bed rooms for patients opening into them. The building is practically fireproof. The railroad runs along the base of the hill, also, the Lincoln Highway leading from Pittsburgh. In the rear of the building is a large two-story brick utility building. It is fireproof in construction, and contains the general kitchen, dining rooms, dining rooms for employees, refrigeration ice-making plant, cooling rooms, bakery, storeroom, etc., In it is located the hydrotherapy department. In addition there are separate buildings for the care of the tubercular patients, beautifully located upon the hill-side above the main building. A large brick building known as the Annex building, three stories high, with general dining room in basement, accommodates 125 patients. It is beautiful in design, having large roomy porches that are enjoyed by the patients during the pleasant weather. The nurses’ home is brick and very ecomplete and attractive and well furnished. In addition to these buildings there are three cottages for the housing of the quiet patients. All the out buildings of the hospital are complete and well equipped for the purpose for which they are designed, and in providing an efficient and capable management in their respeclive departments. All buildings are furnished with an abundant water supply for all purposes from the power plant, also. alectric light, steam heat, ete. The farm while hilly in character, had been brought to a wonderful state of productiveness, providing an abundance of vegetables, berries and the more staple erops, and the very well cared for orchards provide an abundance of fruit. The farm is well equipped with the latest and best farm machinery. The farm buildings are in good order. The orchards, farm lands, and well kept roads on the property show the care bestowed upon them, and the farm has been visited from time to time by representatives of the State Department of Agri--ulture. The greenhouse furnishes cut flowers and plants for the wards, as well as the beautiful flowers that adorn the lawns surrounding the institution. There is also a well established aursery. From the beginning of the hospital every effort has been mea '< the managers and officers te mromote the highest in- terests of the institution, in affording every possible means known to medical science for the comfort and relief of those entrusted to its care. It is gratifying to note the interest so manifest in the managers, a number of the managers of the present day being the grand-children of the founders. The hospital was one of the first in the country to introduce a training school for nurses. The service this single department has rendered not only to the mentally ill, but to all classes of suffering, is recognized throughout the State; the graduates from the school occupying many positions of trust and responsibility in not only Pennsylvania, but in other States, and during the World War many of its graduates were in the service in this country, as well as in the hospital at the front and in the larger cities in the countries involved. The medical service is aided by a well equipped laboratory. During the history of the hospital it has had but nine presidents; Thomas Bakewell, John Harper, John A.Harper, Robert Pitcairn, William M. Kennedy, Charles C. Townsend, R. B. Mellon, James H. Reed and David A. Reed, the position being occupied at the present time by the Honorable David A. Reed, a grandson of the former Superintendent Joseph A. Reed, and a son of the former President James H. Reed. The hospital has had but two superintendents. Dr. Joseph Allison Reed having been chosen to that position in 1857, and who continued office until his death November 6, 1884, and the present incumbent. Dr. Henrv A. Hutchinson. THE EYE AND EAR HOSPITAL On May 20, 1895, the Eye and Ear Hospital came into existence, and its first home was 945 Penn avenue. A little blind girl who came to the attention of one of the women founders was the generating spark which led to the busy organization of the present day. The following persons met and signed the application for the charter and became the first board: Mrs. C. C. Beggs, Mrs. H. C. Beggs, Mrs. Francis Childs, Mrs. A. P. Childs, Jr., Mrs. M. L. Dallneyer, Mrs. F. A. Dilworth, Mrs. J. Duncan Dithridge, Mrs. William Flinn, Mrs. John B. Herron, Jr., Miss Mary E. McCandless, Miss S. H. Killikelly, Mrs. Emmet Queen, Mrs. W. H. Rowe, Mrs. M.. Trump, Mrs. S. D. Warmcastle, Mrs. C. A. Wishart, Miss Mary Webb, Dr. C. A. Wishart and Dr. Joseph E. Willetts. During its first year 497 patients received treatment and 111 operations were performed. There were 1749 consultations. Dr. James H. Lippincott was the first chief of staff and Dr. C. A. Wishart was the first president of the board of managers. In 1905 the hospital moved to its new building at 1945 Fifth Avenue, and need for expanding facilities made an addition to the structure necessary three years later. Its present capacity is 55 beds, but urgent need for improved facilities has made it wise for the hospital to become a part of Pittsburgh’s Medical Center, on the University site, in Oakland. The first state aid was received in 1896 and amounted to $3000. In the last fiscal year, ending May 81, 1927, 2607 patients were cared for, 2411 operations were performed, and the dispensary and emergency departments treated 26,460 patients. In its new location it will have approximately double its present capacity and will be closely related to other hospitals of the group and to the University Medical School and laboratories. The following is the board of managers: President, Mrs. Wm. M. McKelvy; vice-president, Mrs. Wm. Scott; vicepresident, Mrs. Howard B. McClintic; vice-president, Mrs. Howard B. Scull; treasurer, John E. Crawford; endowment treasurer, J. Farley Walton; secretary, Mrs. Thomas R. Robinson; Mrs. Chas. Arbuthnot, Jr., Mrs. William W. Blair, Miss Elizabeth Childs, Mrs. J. G. Beal, Mrs. J. H. Creighton, Mrs. Chas. Dahlinger, Mrs. F. Albert Dilworth, Mrs. G. G. Henderson, Mrs. R. R. Huggins, Mrs. Robert J. McKay, Mrs. John Murtland, Mrs. Gail Nutty, Mrs. E. N. Ohl, Miss Anne H. Robinson, Mrs. Wm. B. Rodgers, Mrs. Geo. W. Reed, Mrs. Wallace H. Rowe, Mrs. John McC. Wilson, Mrs. J. F. Walton, Jr., Dr. Ewing W. Day, Dr. W. W. Blair. Advisory committee—Joseph Horne, Wm. H. Robinson. Honorary Member, Mrs. Harvey M. VanVoorhis; University dispensary auxiliary, Mrs. Wilmer M. Jacoby; superintendent, Miss Adelaide B. Cushing, R. N.; superintendent of dispensary, Miss Gladys W. Johnson. Hospital Staff—Chief of Staff, Dr. E. W. Day. Ear, Nose and Throat—Dr. Ewing E. Day, Dr. J. Homer McCready, Dr. John R. Simpson, Dr. Ellen J. Patterson. Dr. A. A. MacLachen, Dr. K. M. Day. Eye—Dr. W. W. Blair, Dr. W. E. Carson, Dr. Stanley Smith, Dr. C. E. Curry, Dr. S. L. Koch, Dr. J. C. Markel, Dr. C. W. Jennings. Medical consultants—Dr. James P. McKelvy, Dr. Lawrence Litchfield, Dr. J. I. Johnston, Dr. Nelson Clark; Children—Dr. James K. Everhart; Surgery— Dr. E. W. Meredith; Gynecologist—Dr. E. R. Huggins; Pathologist—Dr. E. W. Willetts; Roentgenologist—Dr. G. W. Grier; Genito-Urinary—Dr. George Holliday; Neurologist—Dr. George Wright; Dermatologist—Dr. W. H. Guy: Anaesthetists—Miss Mary Ellen Jarvis, R. N., Miss J. F. Davidson: Dentist—Dr. R. Roderic Byron. Assistant Staff—Ear, Nose and Throat—Dr. J. M. Conway, Dr. G. C. Todd, Dr. F. V. Lichtenfels, Dr. N. A. Fischer, Dr. T. B. McCollough; Eye—Dr. J. G. Linn, Dr. C. L. Reed, Dr. J. S. Plumer; Post Graduate—Dr. G. D. Conwell. Dr. Henrv Kitlowski, Dr. Wm. G. Waddell. HOMESTEAD HOSPITAL The Homestead Hospital of Homestead, Pennsylvania, was incorporated as a general hospital in December, 1903, at the request of twenty subscribers, composed of the most prominent women of the community, who, with the welfare of the district at heart, realized that one of the most valuable assets to any group of people banded together as a borough, is a hospital. The first board of directors was composed of fifteen women. The property selected as the hospital site was located at the southeast corner of Hays street and Ninth avenue, then a private residence. This residence was remodelled and additions built, and very soon the Homestead Hospital of Homestead was functioning. Until 1924. the hospital bad a capacity of thirty-five beds. Since the growth of a community and its surrounding territorv requires growth in the housing problems. so must this growth be taken care of, so far as the hospital capacity is concerned. With this need in view, a committee of citizens began a campaign for funds with which to build and equip a new hospital, and in 1924 this dream was fully realized, when on the 28th of February, patients were carefully transferred to their new beds in the new building. The new edifice was made possible by the generous response of the citizens of the district, as well as the companies and corporations. The hospital is now located at 1,800 West street, Homestead, and has a total capacity of 150 beds. The location is ideal, since it overlooks the surrounding countryside, and is far enough from the business districts to insure as much quiet as is humanly possible. There are no high buildings, or even private residences, close at hand, so that the patients may have the benefit of all the fresh air possible. ‘ The people of the community also deserve much credit, as the rooms, wards, solariums, etc., were furnished by private families and organizations and their names appear on beautiful bronze plates on the doors. The furnishings were selected by the hospital committees and the price submitted the donors. The X-Ray room and its full equipment was the gift of Lawrence C. Phipps, and is considered one of the most complete, for hospitals of this capacity, in Western Pennsylvania. Since the occupancy of the new building, the need of a fully equipped laboratory was felt, and in 1927 the Fred E. Mesta Memorial Laboratory was erected on the third floor of the left wing. This laboratory is complete in every detail and is one of the most valuable assets now in possession of this hospital. Mr. Mesta was a member of the board of directors and the gift is from his widow, Mrs. Cora Mesta. The Homestead Hospital Training School for Nurses was begun in 1909 and the first graduating class, composed of one student, was graduated in 1912. This year, 1928, eight were graduated. This training school is accredited in the State of Pennsylvania and its graduates are eligible for State examination to qualify as registered nurses. The course is for three years and the requirements are one year high school credit— more preferable. In the fiscal year ending May 381, 1928, there were twenty-five student nurses in training and eleven graduate nurses employed in the hospital. Our greatest need is a nurses’ home. At present the nurses asccupy one wing of the hospital, so that our total bed capacity is reduced until another building is furnished. The following statistics for the fiscal year ending May 31, 1928, are given: Number of full pay in-patients treated, 1199; number of part pay in-patients treated, 72; number of free in-patients treated, 498; total number of in-patients treated, 1769; number of full pay in-patient days, 10,715: number of part pay patient days, 1,556; number of free patient days, 7,082; total number of patient days, 19,353. The names of the present board of directors are as follows: R. H. Watson, president; C. F. Botsford, secretarytreasurer; Hugh O’Donnell, Hugh Nevin, John Bell, Mrs. Virginia Schuchman, Mrs. Nettie LaCossitt, Mrs. F. B. Sheaffer, John Forbes, Morris Half, Thomas Ingram, Harry Wahr, T. J. Jamison, John McConegly, James C. Kuhn. INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR CRIPPLED CHILDREN The Industrial Home for Crippled Children was founded by Mrs. Frederick O. Houghton, nee Mary Irwin Laughlin, who desired to ameliorate the condition of crippled children. Mrs. Houghton’s contribution was a memorial to her father and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Irwin B. Laughlin, and to her aunt, Miss Annie M. Bissell. In November, 1902, the Home was founded as the Memorial Home for Crippled Children, with Mrs. William Thaw as its first president. In addition to establishing an endowment fund, Mrs. Houghton gave a piece of land on Denniston avenue on which to build a home. The board of managers, March 31, 1905, voted unanimously to continue the work in the name of the Industrial Home for Crippled Children. The charter, granted January 20, 1906, states that the Industrial Home for Crippled Children was founded for the purpose of maintaining a home for the care and education of crippled children. In a broader sense this means to provide the best medical, surgical, and physical care; to give the children an all-round education; to prepare them for a vocation; and to help them find suitable positions when they leave the home. The home is nonsectarian. To be admitted a child must be a resident of Pennsylvania, a cripple who will improve physically and orthopedically, and one who can be educated and trained to be selfsupporting. The desire to understand the problems of physically handicapped children and to recognize the responsibility to them, has brought about a full program, which includes physical, educational, and spiritual training. In natural situations and in an atmosphere of intelligent love, the selfpity maintained by some of the children has changed to ambition, and the exaggerated attitute toward their physical Jefects has lessened. The children have hope for a life of usefulness, which helps them to gain a sense of self-respect and to be resourceful. Their recreation hours are filled with wholesome organized play, and with an abundance of music, which stimulates physical and mental action, and gives a feeling of contentment and joy. Dr. James O. Wallace, the orthopedic surgeon in charge, gives generously of his time to the care of the children, and performs orthopedic operations in the Children’s Hospital and the Mercy Hospital. The children return to the home for convalescent care. Daily treatments are carried on under the direction of an orthopedic nurse and a trained physiotherapist. A staff of physicans is responsible for the physical welfare of the children. The dental clinic is under the direction of Dr. W. E. Friesell, of the University of Pittsburgh. A brace shop is a valuable asset to the home, as it provides children’s braces and the means for immediate and careful adjustment of them. It is partially maintained by the sale of hraces made for patients of several orthopedic surgeons. The grade school of the home is part of the City School system, and is a training center with three student teachers under the direction of Miss Margaret A. Frew, principal, and Miss Anna K. Shirley, supervising teacher. Children confined in the infirmary are given bedside instruction. Vocational training in printing is given. The I. H. C. C. School News, which is edited and published monthly by the children, is entering upon its sixth year. Musical therapy is one of the educational influences which directs the emotional energy of the children. Children are given individual instruction in piano and violin, and group instruction in other instruments and in voice. There is a school orchestra made up of older children, and a toy-symphony orchestra, in which even the smallest children are taught to play rhythmic instruments. The children’s Annual Christmas Cantata has seen given in Carnegie Music Hall since 1924. Vocational guidance is aiding each child to find his particular niche. Among the alumni are teachers, stenographers, bookkeepers, salesmen, printers, seamstresses, and elevator operators. Gifts and bequests from interested friends, and an appropriation from the state are received. In addition small amounts for board are accepted from parents, counties, and welfare organizations. Miss Frances E. Shirley is superintendent of the home. The officers of the board of managers are: Mrs. Samuel A. McClung, president; Mrs. John W. Lawrence, first vicepresident; Mrs. William L. Mellon, second vice-president; Mrs. James B. Laughlin, third vice-president; Mrs. Wallace Rowe, fourth vice-president; Mrs. W. Terrill Johnson, treasurer; Mrs. James Magee, assistant treasurer; Mrs. James C. Rea, recording secretary; Mrs. Donald C. Hamilton orresponding secretary. ELIZABETH STEEL MAGEE HOSPITAL The Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital was founded by the late Hon. Christopher Lyman Magee, of Pittsburgh, who in his will, left his entire estate, including his homestead of ten acres, located in the residential section of the city in the Oakand district, for the building, equipment, and endowment of a hospital to be erected in memory of his mother. The administration of Mr. Magee’s estate was intrusted by his will to a board of thirteen trustees. His surviving widow was left the income of his estate during her life. On the homestead was located a large, frame dwelling, and this residence was altered and equipped as a temporary hospital, and was opened January 19, 1911, for the reception of patients. Im- Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital mediate preparation was begun for a permanent building, and ground was broken for it January 12, 1914. The hospital has accommodations for 140 adult patients and 80 babies. The accommodations include both private and ward service. Mr. Magee did not specify the exact nature of the hospital which he wished to be built. The original intention was to build a general hospital. Investigation, however, revealed the fact that the need of a general hospital was not apparent, and inasmuch as a clause in the will distinctly specified that there be admitted to the hospital “all females who applied for admission thereto for lying-in purposes,” it was decided, on this basis, which was the only definite provision of the will, to build a hospital exclusively for women. The hospital was completed and patients were admitted into it October, 1918. The hospital cares for obstetric and gynecologic cases, and is a teaching and research institution as well, being connected with the Medical School of the University of Pittsburgh. For a period of time during the war, the hospital was given over to the Government for the care of the soldiers. In January, 1921, it was reverted to its original status, and has from that time cared for women and children. For the past two years the need of larger accommodations has been felt, and the board of trustees decided to add another wing to the hospital which will afford more ward beds and small rooms for the accommodation of persons of moderate means. The need for this sort of accommodation is growing daily. The new wing is progressing rapidly, and it is hoped that by April t may be completed and ready for occupancy. Board of Trustees, Hon. Robert S. Frazer, president; James M. Magee, secretary; Malcolm McGiffin; George Me-Candless; Lewis M. Plumer; Col. O. S. Hershman; Roy A. Hunt, William D. Evans, Rt. Rev. Hugh C. Boyle, Rt. Rev. Alexander Mann, John A. Bell, William MecConway, Jr. Alexander Mann, John A. Bell, William McConway, Jr., and Robert W. Flenniken. Superintendent. Miss Jessie *J Turnbull. Staff Members are as follows: Active Staff: Dr. R. R. Huggins, Medical Director, gynecology; Dr. B. Z. Cashman, gynecology; Dr. 8S. A. Chalfant, gynecology; Dr. H. A. Miller, obstetrics; Dr. C. J. Barone. obstetrics: Dr. W. S. McElroy. chemistry; Dr. Davenport Hooker, anatomy; Dr. G. R. Lacy, pathology and bacteriology; Dr. C. C. Guthrie, physiology; Dr. M. Cohen, pathology; Dr. G. W. Grier, roentgenology. Consulting Staff, Dr. H. T. Price, department of pediatries; Dr. J. D. Heard, medicine; Dr. E. W. Meredith, surgery; Dr. David Silver, orthopedics; Dr. W. W. Blair, eye; Dr. E. W. Day, nose and throat; Dr. T. M. T. McXKennan, neurology; Dr. C. H. Henninger, phychiatry; Dr. W. H. Guy. dermatology, and Dr. W. P. Walker, dentist. McKEESPORT HOSPITAL At a meeting of the McKeesport Chamber of Commerce, the question of a hospital for the city and vicinity was raised, and a committee was appointed to raise the necessary money for the building and equipment. The hospital was organized and opened on April 8, 1894. It was chartered by the Court of Allegheny County for charitable and educational purposes, and not for profit. Since the opening date, the hospital has continued as a general hospital and training school for nurses. New additions have been added, and at the present time can accommodate two hundred patients in private and ward service. Soon we shall have ready for occupancy a new maternity home, with a forty bed capacity, and which is modern and first class in avery respect. The hospital is ranked as “A” Class by the State Board of Medical Education and Licensure. It carries the “first” rating by the College of Physicans and Surgeons, and<the training school also comes under the “A’” Class rating. It has an able staff, is well equipped. and recognized as a first slass institution. The hospital is managed and operated by a board of trustees who are elected each year by the contributors. The aames of the trustees are as follows: Dr. J. W. Fawcett, president; H. R. Stuckslager, secretary and treasurer; R. C. Painter, vice president; F.T. Nason, R. M. Baldridge, C. R. Shaw, J. P, Nill, J. J. Boax, W. A. Cornelius, J.D. Cowan, J. 3. Mack, J. F. Woodward, E. W. Pitts, E. R. Crawford. 5. M. Coover. MERCY HOSPITAL Viewing the Mercy Hospital as it stands on Pride and Stevenson streets, a beacon of light, as it were, to the sick and suffering, it is difficult to picture it as ever being located in a rural district, in the midst of fields and trees. Yet, this was a reality, when in 1847 this noble work was begun by the Sisters of Mercy. The labor was begun in temporary quarters, for the sisters, realizing the need of a hospital in the city felt that they could not wait for the new building which was being erected. Scarcely were they established in 1848 in their present site, when an epidemic of typhus broke out in the city. Many of the victims were cared for by the sisters, and we have statements showing that eight of the sisters succumbed to the disease. The original Mercy Hospital building, which was opened in 1848 involved a cost of $15,000. It rose three stories and had a capacity of sixty patients. In 1849, smallpox became prevalent in the city. It seemed providential that this institution should have been founded just in time to meet the needs of the people. Once more the sisters were called upon to give relief, and as before, they were not found wanting. At this time, Pittsburgh had no municipal hospital, but the sisters met the situation and handled it with admirable dexterity. When in 1854, cholera visited the city, they had profited by their former experience and were prepared. For weeks the sisters toiled for the sufferers taking rest only when nature demanded it. Only one male attendant remained to bury the dead, the rest having fled, panic stricken. At this period, it is true that advances were being made by science, but to no effect, for in 1872 came another epidemic of smallpox. During the Civil War, the sisters took charge of the work in the West Penn as well as in the Mercy. A detachment of sisters from Pittsburgh also took charge of Stanton Military Hospital, Washington, D. C., from 1862-65. Sister Madeleine is the sole surviving member of that group. In 1882 with the assistance of many generous friends, plans were made for enlarging the Mercy Hospital. It increased its capacity to 150, having added 4 general wards, 15 Locust and Stevenson Streets View of the Mercy Hospital South East Wing. Mercy Hospital private rooms, a mortuary chapel room and other improvements. Demands became greater as the years went on, and in 1900 the annex was erected, bringing the bed capacity to 300. In 1901 a new story was built and in 1902 plans were made for the erection of the large Pride street annex, which was ready for occupancy in 1918. It is 9 stories high, 260 feet long and 60 feet wide. Six operating rooms and one emergency room connect with the X-ray plant. Let us consider the capacity of the Hospital today. The present bed capacity is 625. From June 1, 1926, to May 381, 1927, 10,680 patients were admitted and cared for and of these 2,350 were treated free and 5,126 were treated for part pay. During the same time 5,622 operations were performed and 382 births and 501 deaths, were recorded. The latest addition to Mercy Hospital is the completion of the new School of Nursing at a cost of $1,100,000. This school is the most modern of its class. It is nine stories in height, and containing well equipped class rooms, laboratories, a splendid auditorium and gymnasium, as well as sleeping apartments and recreation room for the nurses. Having traced the history of the Mercy Hospital in a brief yet comprehensive way, we shall leave it to continue its work of charity and love. It stands today a tribute to kindly hearts and when it outgrows its present quarters, as even tually it will. a future generation will carrv on its activities. THE MONTEFIORE HOSPITAL The Montefiore Hospital came about through the inspired efforts of a small group of interested high-minded public spirited women of the Ladies’ Hospital Aid Society. As early as 1898, the project was under discussion. Finally, on June 16, 1908, the Montefiore Hospital and Training School for Nurses was established at 3000 Center Avenue, according ta the laws of the State of Pennsylvania. Beginning with the structure in which only forty-five patients could be cared for, its capacity was increased to the present number, namely, sixty-five. Within the walls of this little hospital, an enduring task has been accomplished in the care of sick and suffering humanity. Several years ago the present structure and its general setap had proven to be inadequate to meet the needs of the community served. In 1924 a campaign to raise money to build a new institution was launched and carried out with marked success. A new hospital is now in process of construction in a block bounded by Fifth avenue, Darragh and Chesterfield streets. This construction is being carried on under the direction of Schmidt, Garden & Erikson, the well known architectural firm of Chicago, with Dr. S. S. Goldwater, director of Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York City, as hospital consultant. The plan calls for a hospital of some two hundred bed patient capacity. Its construction will be of the most modern ;ype including all such service facilities as laundry, powerolant, etc., Teaching units for the training school of nurses will be developed. The clinical laboratories, including the X-ray department, pathological and bacteriological laboratory, a department for the study of diseases in metabolism, will all be available. A division devoted exclusively to the study of diseases of the heart and blood vessels is planned. The architects’ completed ideal is shown below. There will be a large out patient department and social service group which will face the Fifth avenue side of the hospital. It is anticipated that the New Montefiore Hospital will be open for the reception of patients during the summer of 1928. The hospital has been standardized under the plan formlated by the American College of Surgeons. It is recognized and accredited by the American Medical Association and the American Hospital Association. It is open for interneships on the basis of regulations laid down by the State Board of Medical Education and Licensure. The training school for nurses is conducted according to the requirements of the State Board of Nurse Examiners. The officers of the Montefiore Hospital Association of Western Pennsylvania are as follows: President, A. C. Lehman; vice president, Benjamin L. Hirshfield; vice president, J. H. Frank; vice president, Charles Dreifus; secretary, Charles H. Sachs; treasurer, Aaron Cohen; superintendent, C. H. Pelton, M. D. OHIO VALLEY GENERAL HOSPITAL The Ohio Valley General Hospital was orginally called the McKees Rocks General Hospital, having been opened in the autum of 1900. The site was purchased in that year by Dr. S. M. Black, because of its healthful location and central position for the town and its important industries. Later it was decided to incorporate the company, because the operation of the hospital was unsuccessful financially, and the stock was sold to local residents. This plan was carried out in 1908, and since that time the directors have spent much money in supplying the hospital with the many modern equipments which have become a necessity. The hospital is located at Park Way, Norwood, McKees Rocks. The number of patients admitted in 1926 was 916; free hospital days, 4,525; pay hospital days, 4,680; part pay hospital days, 1,578; dispensary cases, 84; eye clinic, 563 patients, 594 treatments; general clinic 1,348 patients, 2,298 treatments. Frank J. Lanahan is president; Joseph B. Reed, vice president; David E. Shannon, secretary, and Joseph M. Hall, treasurer. Directors are Mrs. Miles Bryan, Mrs. J. J. Shannon, Mrs. Margaret C. Schiller, Mrs. George J. Geisler, Mrs. John H. Humes, Frank S. Black, C. W. Wrenshall, W. F. Brunner, V. B. Edwards, Samuel Werlinich, Louis Young, John A. Berner, William N. Herbst, Peter Blaskovich. Laura M. Snyder, R. N., is superintendent. The out-patient department is in charge of Miss Carolyn Robelen, supervisor. Through the efforts of the Tuberculosis League, a committee of McKees Rocks and Stowe township women, a dental clinic is maintained. free to the school children of the community. PASSAVANT HOSPITAL Passavant Hospital, on Reed and Roberts street, near Center avenue, Pittsburgh, was first known as the Pittsburgh Infirmary. Its founder was the celebrated philanthropist, Rev. W. A. Passavant, D. D., pastor of the First Lutheran Church. The original location of the infirmary was in Allegheny at the foot of Montgomery’s Hill. A rented house in the spring of 1848 was selected for the purpose of caring for the sick and needy but no patients were admitted until the spring of 1849. When the city of Pittsburgh was celebrating the return of the soldiers from the Mexican War, Dr. Passavant found three soldiers sick with fever neglected in the boats at the dock. With the aid of a theological student, Asa Waters, he -ransferred them to the vacant infirmary, where, in the absence of nurses, the doctor himself with Mr. Waters nursed them back to health. In the summer of that year cholera suddenly made its appearance at different points on the river; a number of these patients were admitted to the infirmary. This caused so great a panic that the neighbors threatened to stone the building and Dr. Passavant was obliged to load his patients into a wagon and seek a safe refuge for them before night. He sought guidance in prayer and God led him across the sity to Lacyville, where he found room for his wagon load of patients in Dr. Lacy’s Female Seminary, which was empty at that time. Dr. Passavant bought this building together with a garden, for $5,500, and after four deaconesses arrived from Germany to carry on the work, the Pittsburgh Infirmary was Jedicated on July 17, 1849, to be a refuge for the worthy sick of every religion, color or race. In 1850 the field adjoining the infirmary, containing upwards of four acres, was purchased for the sum of $12,000. Of this that portion bordering on Dinwiddie street was divided into 28 lots and sold for $500 a lot to pay for the property. A pew infirmary building, 60x40 feet and four stories high, was erected in 1851 on the newly purchased land. The ac-~omodations it afforded were for forty patients, besides room for the sisters, of which there were five. Sister Louisa Marthens of Pittsburgh was the first American deaconess to enter. This new building cost $8,000 and is still used as a part of the hospital. The number of patients admitted in 1852 was 272. Expenditures for the entire year were $2,432.35. The most interesting years were 1853 and 1854—when admissions for the two years amounted to 536—of those 38 were typhoid; 21 smallpox and 64 cholera patients. We find that of the cholera patients, 36 recovered. The years following the Civil War were specially trying. For a time during this period the infirmary was used by the Government as a marine hospital for the men stationed at this port—but during the year between 1887 and 1892 the infirmary was closed. In the year 1892, four thousand dollars was spent in thoroughly cleaning and reconstructing the building so that it was again ready for admission of patients in 1893. Sister Katherine Foerster took charge of the infirmary at this time, and won many friends for herself and the institution by her cheerful loving service. There were not many patients admitted the first years after the reopening—as physicians wanted more modern equipment and buildings, the old being inadequate. Accordingly plans were begun for a new addition, but the death of Dr. Passavant in 1894 hindered the completion of these plans for a time. Rev. Wm. A. Passavant, Jr., his successor, at once began a campaign for making the fiftieth anniversary of the deaconess’s work in America. In 1899 an addition, costing $54,000, was added to the old infirmary, which is the middle section of the present hospital building, and the name was changed from Pittsburgh Infirmary to Passavant Hospital as a memorial to its founder. The bed capacity was now 80. We note that admissions for the first year were 285 and the expenditures $5,980.84. In1902a laundry building was erected and also a nurses’ training school established; 1904 saw the sisters’ house and nurses’ home erected, also power plant installed. In 1908 a new laundry with servants’ dormitory was erected. The old building was remodeled for laboratory and men’s dormitory. [n 1914 the hospital was again too small, and a campaign was launched in 1916 for funds for another addition. This was erected in 1917, cost $190,000, and increased the bed capacity to 158 beds. Since the establishment of the training school 211 nurses have graduated. Eighty-six doctors have served as internes. A fair estimate of the present work of the hospital can be obtained from the statistics of one year: Number of patients cared for, 3,831; nursing days, 48,233; pay nursing days, 28,- 568; part pay nursing days, 4,846; free nursing days 9,819; dispensary visits, 12,552; emergency cases, 1,611. The hospital and the training school are found on the accredited list of those belonging to the state of Pennsylvania. The board of directors are: L. H. Gethoefer, president; William Steinmeyer, secretary; L. H. Kerr, Jas. W. Henry, A. B. Sheets, M. Schreiber and J. B. Tonkin. F. R. Babcock, president and chairman of the board of directors, died December 8, 1927, and Mr. Gethoefer was elected president. There are at present three Lutheran deaconesses from the Milwaukee Deaconess Motherhouse stationed at the hospital, but the service rendered is the same as at the time of its beginning, nonsectarian, a place of refuge for the sick and needy regardless of creed, color or race. THE PASTEUR INSTITUTE The following brief history of the Pasteur Institute was prepared by Dr. A. Leteve, director of the Pasteur Institute and French Consular Agent in Pittsburgh. Much has been omitted, which, if included, would necessitate more extensive explanations, and thus call for the preparation of a book or set of books, dealing with the Pasteur Institute alone, which is known and recognized throughout the world. When in 1884 it was announced to the world that a preventive treatment against rabies (hydrophobia) had been obtained, astonishment and delight succeeded. For this announcement was made by a man who proved that his theories and practice were absolutely true and correct. The theory of the oxidation by air had been beaten to pieces by the scientists of the times and the fermentation theory was recognized. As soon as we knew that rabies could be prevented by an attenuated virus (vaccine), the followers of this man, with his authorization, went throughout the world to apply his method to attenuate the sufferings of humanity Many other methods have been established but none as successful as his. A Pasteur Institute is not only for the treatment of rabies but for the preparations of vaccines and anti-toxins against the disease infections of the human race. The human race has to fight against the diseases of the world. Pasteurians endeavor to take care of all infectious diseases and help the man and his domestic animals to live. And to do this a regular living material must be used in order to carry out what the master has given—the principle of Louis Pasteur. In 1889 Paul Gibier arrived in New York with Dr. A. Leteve, ex-aide d’anatomie et ex-interne des Hopitaux de la Faculte de Medicine de Lille, France, as director of laboratories, and started the Pasteur Institute of New York. Ten years later Dr. A. Leteve came to Pittsburgh, and started, with the help of the Sisters of Mercy, the Pasteur Institute at the Magee Pathological Institute of the Mercy Hospital. At this time the virus vaccine was received from Dr. Calmette, then director of the Pasteur Institute at Lille, France. The Pasteur Institute being necessarily an independent institution, a separation from the Mercy Hospital was made in 1919. Since 1924 the office of the Pasteur Institute of Pittsburgh, Pa., has been located in the Descalzi Building at 1004 Wylie Avenue, with Dr. A. Leteve, consular agent of France and also the Director of the Pasteur Institute of Pittsburgh, in charge, and Walter B. Willis. director of laboratories. The record of this Institute in Pittsburgh and its treatment of rabies is widely known, having a percentage that is really enviable and astonishing in comparison with others who treat these cases, in fact, a mortality of 14 of 19. These few words are given in case of a supposed infection of rabies: (1) A person or persons bitten by a dog, no matter how small the wound, should keep the animal under observation {or 14 days, because the salvia of the animal is infectious six days, at least, before it shows any sign. (2) After two weeks if the dog or animal shows no sign the person is safe, but it is to be recommended that the wound be considered infectious and treated as such by a regular ohysican. Records of the Pasteur Institute have been preserved by the Mercy Hospital, and a treatise of the subject is given by Leasure K. Darbaker, Ph.G., Phar. D., head of the Department of Pharmacognosy and Bacteriology of the Pittsburgh College of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, in his “A Manual of Histological Pharmacognosy and Bacteriology.” PITTSBURGH HOSPITAL Thirty-three years ago on Stanton avenue, in East end, Pittsburgh, a small dwelling house was equipped with ten beds and called by the dignified name of a hospital. In the prophetic visions of a devoted sisterhood there was seen in the dim future a magnificent structure of brick or stone, of which this humble house was the nucleus. Immediately the seed began to grow and four months after the opening in May, 1895, the “Hospital” was moved to Collins avenue, and six beds were added for the sick and afflicted. January 14, 1898, a charter was obtained and the institution was then known as the Charity Hospital of Pittsburgh. Later the name Pittsburgh Hospital was substituted, and was maintained by voluntary contributions. The names of the first chosen directors were: C. M. Schwab, E. M. Bigelow, Titus Berger, W. H. Keech, Charles D. Callery, Charles A. Fagan, E. J. Vilsack, J. D. Murdoch, Hugh Murphy, Thomas McNeil and Aloysius Frauenheim. After a short time on Collins avenue quarters became inadequate and a new property was purchased. This was the old Finley homestead, surrounded by seven acres of beautiful ground, facing on Beechwood boulevard and Frankstown avenue. Here twenty patients were provided for, and accommodations made for a larger number of nurses. But prophetic vision did not fail, and the great hospital of the dreams and hopes of the Sisters of Charity had not yet taken material form. Ground was broken, and in December, 1904, a large modern hospital of fireproof construction was erected. The old building was remodelled to serve asanurses’ home. The clinical laboratories were opened January 1, 1905, and in the same year a complete X-ray laboratory was installed, not only for the benefit of the members of the staff, but for many outside physicans as well, who brought their patients for examination. Be in Le sii mi atti wig pine Pittsburgh Hospital, Frankstown Ave. & Washington Blvd. The interior of the institution is light and airy, and modern conveniences of every sort are provided. There are perfectly equipped operating rooms with floors of marble and cemented white tile, lighted by side and skylights. There is a pharmacy provided over by a registered pharmacist, while small emergency drug rooms on each floor are at the the ready service of physicans and nurses. Apart from the main hospital are the pathological and bacteriological research laboratories, for the scientific investigation of disease Nrocesses. However, with all these facilities for tending the “broken members of humanity,” it was found necessary to provide space, because the Pittsburgh Hospital admits within its walls, without exception, the sick of all races and creeds. At times the percentage of free or charity patients has reached one-half of its activities. In 1925 ground was again broken for the hospital annex. This building is a handsome yellow brick structure, seven stories high, matching in design the older building to which it adjoins. On the top floor the obstetrical department was installed. On the floors below, seventy-four rooms were provided, being furnished by voluntary contributions, each room has a lavatory. The first floor is used for the nurses’ -afeteria, the enlarged X-ray department, the cystoscopic room, the electro-cardiograph, etc. On the ground floor :here is the large free dispensary and the Out-patient Denartment. The hospital can now accommodate 200 patients, has a aurses’ training school of 70 and a medical staff of 33. A year ago an apartment house of thirty rooms on Meadow and Lincoln streets was bought as an additional home for the increased number of nurses. A new up-to-date home, large enough to adequately house all the nurses, is at present the problem the management is trying to meet. A social service department has been established, studying and reporting personality and environmental difficulties that often affect the health of patients. However, only cases where medical needs are evident, are carried by this department. Seemingly the dream of thirty-three years ago has completely come true, but not yet—the spirit of the Pittsburgh Hospital is the spirit that animates the city itself, for its vivifying principle is progress. The old Scottish motto, “Hazard yet Forward,” still animates the board of trustees, as it did in 1895 when ten beds were made ready in the small house in Stanton avenue. The present officers and directors are:—Jas. F. Keenan, president; John S. Herron, vice president; J. B. Lawler, secretary-treasurer; Sister M. Marcella, superintendent; directors: John E. Born, C. E. Lott, G. G. O’Brien, W. J. Strassburger, Jos. G. Vilsack, John F. Casey, W. S. Mec-Clintock, E. H. Swindell, J. Frank McKenna, Thos. E. Dovle. John S. Herron, J. B. Lawler. and Jas. F. Keenan. PITTSBURGH CITY HOMES AND HOSPITALS The Pittsburgh City Homes and Hospitals, located at Mayview, Pa. formerly known as “Marshalsea,” occupy a tract of land containing one thousand and one acres, in South Fayette and Upper St. Clair townships, Allegheny county, approximately fifteen miles southwest of the City of Pittsburgh, near the Washington County line, on the Panhandle division of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The institution property and the institution are under the direct control of the Department of Public Welfare of the City of Pittsburgh, Mrs. Enoch Rauh being the director of that lepartment and James S. Hammers, M.D., the medical director and superintendent. Mrs. Enoch Rauh was appointed director of the Department of Charities by Mayor William A. Magee, in 1922, and oy an act of the Legislature of 1923 the name of this department was changed to the “Department of Public Welfare.” Historically, Pittsburgh’s first alms house is said to have een located at the foot of “Coal Hill,” on the Monongahela River. It was the oldest house standing in 1832. This building was a small log house, “with two large chimneys,” but no further history seems to be obtainable concerning it. The borough of Pittsburgh was incorporated in 1804, and in 1813 the “Humane Society” was organized. This was prob- ably the first organized charity in the City of Pittsburgh In 1848 the “Pittsburgh Poor House” at Homestead was incorporated, for the care of the indigent poor of Pittsburgh, and in 1879 the city first began to care for its mentally ill at the Homestead institution. In 1893 the Pittsburgh Homes and Hospitals were built at Mayview, comprising at that time an administration building, a male and female asylum for the indigent insane and a male and female home for the indigent poor. Since then many additions have been made and at this time—1928—there are eleven new buildings under construction, as authorized by the “Two and a Half Million Dollar Bond Issue of 1926.” The function of the Pittsburgh City Home and Hospitals consists of four radically different types of services: First, hospitals for the mentally ill; second, homes for the indigent and aged; third, a tuberculosis group; fourth, a general hospital. The mental hospitals are caring for 2114 patients at the present time,—1203 men and 911 women, and comprise four large buildings, two buildings assigned for the male cases and two for the female cases. The medical treatment provided in the mental department is of the same high type as that carried on in several State hospitals, owned and maintained by the State of Pennsylvania. When the new buildings are completed and further contemplated additions are made, {including a psychiatric hospital) we believe this institution will rank among the first in the country. The general hospital of 240 beds is carrying on a work identical to that carried on in any general hospital in the city, comprising as it does operating rooms, diagnostic olinics, an X-Ray department, mechano-therapy, eye, ear, nose and throat clinics,—in fact all of the special treatments which go to make up a complete hospital. Much of the splendid work done in this hospital is due to the very valuable services rendered by nineteen of Pittsburgh’s foremost physicans who give their services without recompense to this great work. An accredited nurses’ training school functions as a part of the hospital and is valuable adjunct to the institution. The Pittsburgh City Homes and Hospitals at Mayview has been approved by the American College of Surgeons and the Pennsylvania State Board of Medical Licensure. The wards are large, light, airy, well ventilated, nicely painted, and the equipment of the various departments is on a par with that of any other general hospital. The old “Poor House” is rapidly passing, for complete surveys of such institutions show that the inmate is usually there because of some physical disease or because of an inferior mental development. Therefore, the medical treatment has been insti-:uted with the idea of restoring such as can be returned to some useful occupation. The tubercular department functions as a tuberculosis sanitarium, with all the equipment and appurtenances necessary to it, comprising as it does 100 beds, which are filled constantly. Necessary additions must be made to this department in the near future. As an adjunct to the above mentioned departments, the Pittsburgh City Homes and Hospitals carries on many other activities, namely, its own electric plant, its own power plant, its own cold storage and refrigeration plant, its own coal mine, its own fire department, its own dairy and piggery. ‘arge vegetable gardens and farm. PITTSBURGH HOMOEOPATHIC HOSPITAL The Pittsburgh Homoeopathic Hospital, located at Center and Aiken avenues in the heart of the East End residence district, and in one of the most accessible spots in the city, is among the oldest of Pittsburgh’s hospitals. It has had a continuous active existence since 1866, hence is antedated by but two of the many institutions which now serve the sick of our city and district. Originally situated on Second avenue near Smithfield, the hospital was moved to the East End many years ago, and for the past two decades has occupied a large area south of Center avenue and west of Aiken. This strategic location, and the reputation of a staff which has been consistently far above average, has resulted in a constant tax upon the facilities of the Homoeopathic, so that its capacity has had to be increas- ed from time to time. In 1924 through the generosity of its friends, a six-story wing was added which increased the capacity of the plant to approximately 825 beds. The hospital at the same time greatly improved its laundry, servants’ quarters and power plant. There is a well equipped nurses’ home and training school fronting on the Aiken avenue side of the property. The first school for nurses between the Allegheny mountains and Chicago was opened in the Pittsburgh Homoeopathic Hospital in 1884. This department has maintained a high reputation, its graduates being in demand over a wide area, and many of them having become connected in positions of responsibility with other ranking institutions of the district. At the present time this is the third most important Homoeopathic hospital in the United States, exceeding in its size all save those in Philadelphia and New York. The members of the Board of Trustees are: James IH. Hammond, president; Hon. Henry Cooper, first vice president; Reade W. Bailey, second vice president; B. R. B. Townsend, secretary; R. H. Youngman, treasurer; C. Bernard Shea, James E. MacCloskey, Jr., Alfred G. Kay, T. J. Gillespie, George H. Neilson, R. V. Bingay, Dean R. Wilson, H. C. McEldowney, Raymond Willey, George P. Berger, Frank Semple, Jr., A. K. Oliver, H. R. Hilliard, Charles H. Kline, J. P. McKinney, Jr., T. Raymond Evans, D. M. Clemson. William M. Furey, E. W. Crellin. The women’s board is headed by: Mrs. S. N. Benham, president, Mrs. J. H. Hammond, vice president, Mrs. T. J. Gillespie, secretary; Mrs. F. T. Hogg, treasurer. Henry G. Yearick is the director of the hospital. PITTSBURGH MUNICIPAL HOSPITAL The Pittsburgh Municipal Hospital is located at the corner of Bedford avenue and Francis street, on a high elevation overlooking the down town district and the Allegheny river, with a view of the North Side. It is operated under the direction of the Director of the Department of Public Health. Four resident physicians render professional services, and in all cases referred to the hospital by reputable physicians, an invitation to the attending physician is extended by the staff to assist in the care of their cases. The hospital has undergone during the preceding year a complete remodeling and renovation. There can be established complete segregation for all types of diseases handled. Lt is the fifth largest hospital in Pittsburgh, having a capacity for 250 patients. It is not a charitable institution, although no citizen, ill with any of the diseases cared for in the hospital, is permitted to pay either for hospital care or nursing or physician’s services. The reason for the operation of the hospital by the Department of Public Health is the prevention of disease, by isolating those suffering from serious, communicable diseases, and keeping them apart from well people where they would most probably infect others. While admission of patients to the Muncipal Hospital is made on request of the physician in attendance, the Department of Public Health, under certain conditions, may demand hospitalization of any serious communicable disease, if they have become public menaces because of failure to maintain proper quarantine, or because of poor housing, or bad hygienic conditions, or lack of care. All cases of smallpox are immedlately removed for isolation to the Municipal Hospital, where they are given expert handling by physicians and nurses familiar with the disease. Among other diseases handled here are diphtheria, scarlet fever, erysipelas, infantile paralysis and cerebro-spinal fever, Dr. R. G. Burns, director of the Department of Public Health, is superintendent, and Dr. J. S. Baird is chief of the medical service. THE PITTSBURGH SKIN AND CANCER FOUNDATION The Pittsburgh Skin and Cancer Foundation, located at 8400 Forbes street, was organized on February 12, 1923, and incorporated under the laws of Pennsylvania on April 18, 1923 Its policies are under immediate control of the board of directors, who are assisted in the actual carrying out of its purposes by the women’s dispensary board and the medical and surgical staff. The operations of the Foundation are among patients who are unable to pay for services. Its work is supported by contributions from its board members, from industrial organizations, and from its membership campaign. The reason for organizing the Foundation was to focus the attention of the medical profession and the laity on cancer. Special hospitals, special educational propaganda, special dissemination of knowledge, and special interest were necessary to cope with the varied and increasing disasters which rancer produces. The economical phase of the burden of cancer is important. The disease, coming as it does in adult life, draws upon the resources of heads of families, incapacitates the father or the mother, in each case a contributing wage-earner, and disturbs the harmony and financial equilibrium of families who, under ordinary circumstances, are able to meet the demands of the upkeep of their homes. An additional burden unlooked for, unprovided for in the past, causes an upheaval. How much more true is this in families who, even under ordinary circumstances, cannot maintain their social equilibrium without help? At the present rate of increase, its effect on man-power in industry must be seriously felt in time. Should not the burden be distributed more equally on all members of society? The purpose of this organization is to find ways and means of bringing the patient in contact with the physician at the time when early signs of cancer develop. It is knowledge of symptoms of this type, signs of the nature indicated, which should be disseminated. It would seem almost a repetition to say that it is the general public who should be acquainted with these indications, and it is the purpose and the aim of the Pittsburgh Skin and Cancer Foundation to place this knowledge where it will do the greatest amount of good. This phase of the work is undertaken as the propaganda or educational function through social service agencies. men’s and women’s clubs, personal contact with patients, their families and friends, so that the community will be informed of the war on cancer. A great many advances are necessary to combat this disease more successfully. These advances can only be gained by observation of a great number of cases, by study of the mode of its advent, by the full knowledge of its course, by the appreciation of all the co-operating agencies which bring it about and maintain it and eventually lead to the destruction of the human being who is the host of its parasitical tendencies. Authorities in public health work state definitely that no more important field of preventive medicine and of curative medicine exists, that no better results can be looked for in any form of medical work. Officers and directors are as follows: James Hay Reed, Founder; Arthur E. Braun, Acting President; Roy A.Hunt, Treasurer; J. G. Hamilton, Assistant Treasurer; Mrs. George L. Collord, Secretary; Mrs. George B. Berger, Jr., Rt. Rev. Hugh C. Boyle, Louis Brown, L. H. Burnett, Harmar D. Denny, Jr., Mrs. John C. Dilworth, J oseph Dilworth, Leon Falk, Berthold Floersheim, Rev. Dr. A. C. Howell, Mrs. John W. Lawrence, W. L. Mellon, Miss Helen Blanche Rauh, David A. Reed, Mrs. J. D. Tilford, Mrs. William P. Witherow. PITTSBURGH TUBERCULOSIS HOSPITAL The City of Pittsburgh maintains the Tuberculosis Hospital, not as a charitable institution, although patients are not permitted to pay for care in the hospital or for professional services rendered. It is operated under the direction of the Director of the City Department of Public Health, primarily as a major item of preventive medicine in the control and prevention of tuberculosis in Pittsburgh. One of the main objects is the hospitalization of infectious cases or individuals who are a menace to their families and others with whom they may come in contact. The hospital alms not only at the restoration to health of such individuals, but their isolation until such time as they are no longer capable of transmitting the disease to others, or until education in preventive measures has rendered them harmless to society. The City of Pittsburgh completed the main buildings of the Tuberculosis Hospital in the year 1915 with a capacity of 150 patients. During the years 1923 and 1927, additions were erected, increasing the capacity to 300 patients. This hospital is located on a plateau known as the Leech farm, off Washington boulevard, and directly opposite Highland Park. The site contains approximately 100 acres and is very beautifully situated for a hospital of this nature. Besides the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, provision has been made for the treatment of pre-tubercular children—not tuberculous, but in extremely poor physical condition, and having had one or both parents die of tuberculosis. Here they are cared for and built up physically during their stay and educated by a school teacher furnished by the Board of Public Education. A considerable amount of recreation facilities are provided for the inmates of this institution. A moving picture program is displayed twice a week, in a specially erected theatre, with a seating capacity of 300. Each patient has an individual radio receiving set at his bed. Beautiful porches and reclining chairs are provided for the open air treatment. Frequent entertainments are given by local and professional talent. The management of this institution comes under the direct supervision of the Director of the Department of Public Health of the City of Pittsburgh and the personnel is comprised of a superintendent, a medical staff, a nursing staff and a large group of orderlies and attendants. all specially trained in their line of work. The Pittsburgh Tuberculosis Hospital is the first hospital erected in any city in Pennsylvania for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. Joseph Shilen, M.D., is superintendent. R. G. Burns, M. D.. is director of the Department of Public Health. THE PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL The Presbyterian Hospital claims its field of service, in its charter granted by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, May 4, 1895, “for the purpose of affording medical and surgical aid to sick and disabled persons of every creed and nationality, together with the ministration of the Gospel.” The present officers are: Dr. W. L. McEwan, president; John McCartney Kennedy, vice president: and Dr. Charles L. Chalfant, secretary. The president of the board of trustees is Ralph W. Harbison, with T. Chalmers Darsie and Dr. James A. Kelso, vice presidents; J. C. Boyer, secretary, and the Potter Title and Trust Company, treasurer. The superintendent, Miss Mary B. Miller, has served as executive head of the institution for nine years. The present building provides for two hundred beds, and through rooms, wards and dispensaries, treats about 14,000 cases per annum. The staff is selected by the board of trustees of the hospital from doctors nominated by the medical department of the University of Pittsburgh. About one-third of the work is of a charitable character, and as the institution receives no State aid, fifty thousand dollars per year must be raised by popular subscription. In the new Medical Center, the Presbyterian Hospital will be the central building, and general hospital of a group of six or seven institutions. The proposed new structure will cost over five million dollars, and the new nurses’ home nearly a million. About one-third of the needed money is already available for the new project and the trustees are planning to complete the collection of the necessary funds for these new buildings. The whole Medical Center, when completed, will represent a cost of upwards of fifteen million dollars, and will give Pittsburgh one of the best medical groups to be found in America. PROTESTANT HOME FOR INCURABLES The Protestant Home for incurables, the only institution of its kind in Pittsburgh, is located at 5500 Butler street. It was incorporated December 31, 1883, having been founded by Jane Holmes for the purpose of providing a home for persons suffering from incurable disease. The total number of patients cared for is 849, and there were 48 patients in the home on August 15, 1928. Among the patients now being cared for are Mary Elkins. admitted April, 1888; Julia Heldt, admitted November, 1895: William Metz, admitted October, 1897; Sadie Gregg, admitted November, 1904; Katie Haupt, admitted May, 1910, and Eliza Fangmeier. admitted November, 1911. Protestant Home for Incurables (Women’s Home) The 53 beds now in the home are not sufficient to meet the demand for this sort of work among the incurably ill and needy residents of the city, as is amply proved by the number of applications received annually. The work should be greatly extended. At present there are 18 patients in wheeled chairs, 10 bed patients, 4 on crutches, 5 using canes, 3 totally blind and many quite helpless. The oldest patient is 93 years of age, and the youngest is 40. One woman has been a patient for 40 years, two women over 30 years, one for 24 years, three over 15 years, two for 12 years and three for 10 years. Religious services are held every Sunday afternoon, by ministers of various denominations. A prayer service is also held on Friday of each week. Pastoral calls are frequently made on individual patients. Every effort has been made by the board of managers to avoid appealing to the general public for funds. During the last ten years expenses have increased steadily, until the income is quite inadequate. In order that the work may not be curtailed, will not the people of Pittsburgh meet this emergency in their usual generous spirit? An increased endowment of $300,000 would enable the home to meet the annual expenses. The president is Mrs. H. H. McClintic; secretary, Mrs. William E. McKelvy; advisory board, William H. Stevenson, John C. Slack, John S. Craig, and Robert D. Book. Following are the names of the managers: Mrs. Robert D. Book, Mrs. William F. Bickel, Mrs. John S. Craig, Miss Katherine Creighton, Mrs. H. W. D. English, Mrs. Grant Dibert, Miss Bessie Stephenson, Mrs. E. S. Weimer, Mrs. E. B. McRoberts, Mrs. W. W. Martin, Mrs.. O. H. Jones, Mrs. Frank B. Bell, Mrs. W. W. Kerr, Mrs. Joseph A. Kelly, Mrs. Susie K. Leech, Mrs. William Boyd, Jr., Miss Eleanore Sawyer, Miss Annie D. Robinson, Mrs. C. L. Wooldridge, Miss Eva W. Wallace, Miss Julia Wattles, Mrs. Dwight Winter, Mrs. T. J. Gillespie, Jr., Mrs. Charles S. Wunder, Mrs. Robert Swan, Jr., Miss Margaret McCance. Miss Ester J. Gregg, and Mrs. James C. Burt. ROSELIA FOUNDLING ASYLUM AND MATERNITY HOSPITAL The Roselia Foundling Asylum and Maternity Hospitalis located at Cliff and Manila streets, Pittsburgh. It was established by the Sisters of Charity on July 16, 1891, in a little home on Forbes street, not far from the site of the present magnificent St. Paul’s Cathedral. In a few months the need for its service became so apparent that it was necessary to secure far more commodious quarters. [n 81 years it has cared for 5,195 women and 10,546 children, and is now receiving yearly approximately 100 little waifs, securing permanent homes for these children, where they can develop into useful Christian men and women. It provides for the unfortunate girl and her innocent offspring and cares for mothers and their children who have no means. Creed, color or previous condition erects no barrier for admission to Roselia. The secondary purpose .f the institution 's to provide professional attention and tender but scientific :are for married women, before, during and after maternity— women who, for one reason or another, are either homeless or ~annot, for various causes, receive in their homes the attention which their condition demands. The Senior Staff of physicians are: Dr. J. P. Hegarty, Dr. C. F. Bietsch, Dr. P. W. Bushong, Dr. J. Donald Iams, Dr. H. C. Flood, Dr. C. P. MacDonald, Dr. N. C. Miller, Dr. J. W. Robinson, Dr. L. L. Schwartz, Dr. H. H. Sullivan, Dr. E. A. Weisser, The Junior Staff is: Dr. J. H. Carroll, Dr. Theo. Elterich, Dr. LeRoy Foster, Dr. B. J. McCormick, Dr. M. S. Redmond, Dr. D. H. Rhodes, Dr. T. R. Quinn. The Board of Directors are: Mr. John F. O’Toole, president; Mr. Wm. P. Lange, vice president; David L. Lawrence, secretary; W. C. McEldowney, treasurer; John Campbell, E. L. Connely, Col. J. L. Costello, Hon. J. J. Coyne, Joseph EF. Joyce, Hon. Jos. Marcus, Hon. John M. Morin, Hon, F. J. Harris, Mr. Charles M’Inerney, Mr. D. F. Shanahan. J. Howard Devlin, Attorney. Ladies of Charity Officers are: Miss Mathilda O’Hara, president: Mrs. C. Lawrence, Sr., first vice president: Mrs. Robert Walsh, second vice president; Mrs. John Boyle, third vice president; Mrs. Harry Hunter, fourth vice president; Miss Katheryn Griffin, secretary; Mrs. Isaac Mamaux, treasurer; Mrs. Wm. Smith, publicity; Mrs. John Finn, Mus. Thomas Ford, Mrs. E. A. Hufnagle, Mrs. Wm. Labge, Mrs. John Lloyd, Mrs. James Loftis, Mrs. Joseph Murphy, Mrs. Charles Reel, Mrs. George Walker. ST. FRANCIS HOSPITAL St. Francis Hospital was started in a little frame house in Thirty-seventh street, in 1865, with three Franciscan sisters in charge. The staff was obtained by calling in doctors of the neighborhood when physicians were needed. Through the smallpox epidemic which swept Pittsburgh from 1866 to 1872 the institution directed attention entirely to contagious cases. At that time Lawrenceville was the residential section of the city, and the work being done in the tiny hospital caused business men of the district to realize how badly more facilities were needed. They purchased a few acres of land on which a frame building stood, and moved the sisters into these quarters, where they were able to care for a larger number of patients. The institution soon began to function as a general hospital, and equipped itself according to the ideals of modern medical science. Through the sixty years that St. Francis Hospital has operated, the calls for aid have mounted constantly until it is now caring for more than 600 patients daily in buildings that were intended for a much smaller number. More than 10,500 persons sought health in this hospital during the past year. More than 3,000, admittedly too poor to pay, were given every necessity that money bought for others, to say nothing of those treated in the free dispensary department. The bedpatient service was 81 per cent free, while 77 per cent of all patients treated were cared for without charge. The register-2d capacity of the hospital is 600 beds, but 709 patients have been treated at one time by placing cots in the aisles of wards, and by putting beds in the public corridors. Delays of three weeks have been necessary before patients could be admitted but no destitute sick or those needing emergency attention St. Francis Hospital Forty-fifth Street have ever been refused. Three thousand meals are being served from a kitchen built and equipped for less than half that number. In the free dispensary 22,187 were treated during the last year; thirty-nine doctors are engaged in the 14 departments of the dispensary alone. Operating cost of the institution is nearly $600,000 a year with an annual deficit of about $80,-000. There is an endowment of approximately $80,000. The facts given, which could be largely supplemented, show the need of much larger quarters. It is estimated that it will require $1,500,000 to the point of bringing its buildings to meet only its present needs, and the effort to obtain these funds in now in progress. Charles A. Muehlbronner is president of the board of directors; Hon. Charles H. Kline is vice president; Sidney F. Heckert, Sr., is secretary-treasurer. The officers of the staff are: Dr. C. H. Henninger, president; Dr. J. K. Everhart, vice president, and Dr. A. J. Bruecken, secretary. ST. JOHN’S GENERAL HOSPITAL The need of a hospital in the lower section of Allegheny, now the North Side of Pittsburgh, in the Wood’s Run district, was long felt before the founding of St. John’s in 1896. In that year St. John’s General Hospital was established on Me-Clure avenue, by the deaconesses or Lutheran sisters in charge of St. John’s Lutheran Home, and the late Dr. W. J. Langfitt. It was proposed to use a site on the grounds of that home, which consisted of two and one-half acres. The charter was obtained March 28, 1896. Before the completion of the building, which is now the Administration building, a contract was awarded for an annex, to contain public wards. May 12, 1896, is still remembered by the old timers of Wood’s Run as the memorable “May Day,” on which St. John’s opened its doors to receive the sick and wounded. No distinction was shown by the Lutheran deaconesses as regards religion, nationality or color. After their departure the management of the hospital was placed in the hands of lay people. Later the hospital came under the care of the Sisters of Divine Providence, under the approval of the bishop of Pittsburgh, the Rt. Rev. Regis Canevin. Five sisters of this order took charge on September 8, 1915, and since then the small band has expanded into a community of 23. Under the superintendent of the hospital, there are, in the several departments, sister-supervisors to whom is granted the fullest measure of liberty in dealing with the problems peculiar to their departments. During the past year 2,996 patients were admitted and 38,801 days of hospital service rendered : of these, 10,010 were free service days. The new nurses’ home was formally opened on May 31, 1927. The Sleeping rooms contain Simmons steel furniture, consisting of bed, chiffonier, bed-side table and chair; all woodwork is walnut finish. The reception room was completely furnished by R. V. Bingay, while one living room was furnished by Dr. W. S. Langfitt and the other by Samuel Rubin. The bedrooms were furnished by various doctors and friends of the hospital. The board of directors consists of Edward Gwinner, president; J. J. Flannery, Jr., vice president; W. S. Langfitt, M. D. secretary; Charles Monheim, treasurer; R. V. Bingay, Herman Stratman, W. F. Stadtlander. D. B. Oliver and H. M. Reed. ST. JOSEPH’S HOSPITAL. St. Joseph’s Hospital, situated between Twenty-first and Twenty-second streets, Pittsburgh, was called into being, nearly a quarter of a century ago by an appeal from a number of South Side people who felt the need of such an institution in that locality. The Sisters of St. Joseph gladly responded and notwithstanding many delays and disappointments, finally succeeded in securing the old Haberman homestead. This was thoroughly renovated and equipped for hospital work and formally opened September 20, 1904. The beginning was very humble, the capacity being only twenty-four beds. As time went on and the inadequacy of accommodations became more apparent the erection of a larger building was undertaken. In 1908 the old building was razed and the present structure erected, the sick being housed meanwhile in the adjoining building. On February 2, 1911 the new hospital was opened to visitors, and shortly thereafter active work was begun. The total number of house patients admitted during this year, 1911, was 386. The institution has constantly grown until at present it is impossible to accommodate all those who request treatment. The total number of patients admitted during the year 1927 was 2825, an increase of more than 600 per cent over 1911. However, it is hoped that this condition will be relieved in the near future, a large plot of ground in Brookline having been purchased recently. Plans for a well equipped, modern hospial and nurses’ home are under consideration. The following comprise the Board of Directors: W. H. Simmons, president; Thomas L. Kane, secretary; J. A. Bleichner, treasurer; Joseph Dieterle, Harry Eichleay, Dr. J. P Kerr, Joseph Trautwein, Daniel Winters, Robert Douglas, Charles E. Meyer, George Bauer, Daniel M. Hamill. Staff Members: Dr. C. D. Arthur, Dr. H. J. Benz, Dr. F. M. Caldwell, Dr. F. A. Hartung, Dr. A.“H. Kraft, Dr. J. P. Kerr, Dr. C. E. McKee, Dr. J. P. Saling, Dr. 1. B. Whitehead, Dr. R. J. Behan, Dr. N. H. Bennett, Dr. T. P. Cochran, Dr. A. R. Hampsey, Dr. W. H. Kirk, Dr. E. C. McAdams, Dr. J. Rockman, Dr. G. J. Wright. Assistant Staff: Dr. L. G. Beinhauer, Dr. R. M. Heath, Dr. M. A. Hodgson, Dr. O. L. Marks, Dr. E. O. Pearson, Dr. J. J. Weber, Dr. A. W. Duff, Dr. J. D. Howard, Dr. H. P Kohberger, Dr. B. J. McCormick, Dr. N. J. Resmer. ST. MARGARET MEMORIAL HOSPITAL St. Margaret Memorial Hospital was founded by the will of John H. Shoenberger, one of Pittsburgh’s pioneer steel men, who died in November, 1889, and who provided for the formation of a corporation for the erection and maintenance of a Protestant Episcopal Church Hospital, in memory of his deceased wife, Margaret Cust Shoenberger. The site of the hospital, on Forty-sixth street, above Butler street, was a part of the summer residence of Mr. Shoenberger and his wife. at practically full capacity. A training school for nurses is a part of the hospital. St. Margaret Memorial Hospital 265 Forty-sixth Street It was found by the trustees that the sum named in the will (namely, $450,000, of which $250,000 was postponed tobe paid out of the residuary estate after final settlement,) was inadequate for the proper maintenance of the hospital, and the trustees therefore decided to postpone the opening of the institution until the accumulation of the endowment would furnish a sum reasonably commensurate with the cost of operation. The hospital was formally opened for the reception of patients on October 1, 1910, and since then has been maintained at practically full capacity. A training school for nurses is a part of the hospital. The officers are: C. L. Snowdon, president; A. M. Scully, vice president and counsel; E. H. McKinley, treasurer; N. P. Hyndman, secretary. The board of trustees consistes of C. L. Snowdon, A. M. Scully, E. H. McKinley, N. P. Hyndman, J. Stuart Brown, H. H. McClintic, George P. Rhodes. A. L. Humphrey and F. A. Leovy. SEWICKLEY VALLEY HOSPITAL The idea of a hospital for the Sewickley Valley originated with the Ladies’ Aid Society about 1902, was temporarily dropped and revived about 1905, when Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Oliver generously gave over four acres of land as a hospital site. This acted as a great stimulant and enabled the project to go forward. The building was dedicated July 20. 1907. The first officers of the board of trustees were as follows: George E. McCague, president; W. L. Clause, vice-president ; George H. Clapp, secretary; T. H. B. McKnight, treasurer. The first officers of the board of managers were: Mrs. L. Halsey Williams, president; Mrs. Henry R. Rea, first vicepresident; Mrs. Arthur B. Starr, second vice-president; Mrs. 5. L. Seymour, corresponding secretary; Mrs. John D. Carson. secretary; Mrs. A. C. Robinson, treasurer. The first board of trustees were as follows: George E. McCague, I. B. Chantler, M. D., Rev. F. F. O’Shea, Jas. H Willock, Edward A. Woods, Alfred B. Harlow, W. 1. Clause. Sewickley Valley Hospital Sewicklev. Pa. Edward O'Neil, A. J. Armstrong, R. H. Boggs, DeW. B. Nettleton, M. D., Jas. W. Arrott, Charles Watts, George H. Clapp, S. C. Applegate. Present trustees of the Sewickley Valley Hospital Asso. ciation are: C. A. Cooper, Wayne Cornelius, R. W. Harbison, C. P. McLaughlin, H. R. McMahon, F. L. Sage, G. K. Wright, L. C. Beall, W. A. Campbell, W. Heber Dithrich, Arthur L. Lowrie, B. Scott McFarland, A. C. Robinson, Robert Trimble, Charles W. Brown, James C. Chaplin, George H. Clapp, W. L. Clause, Charles L. McCune, L. D. Reilly, Walter J. Wilson. Officers are: Wilson A. Campbell, president; William L. Clause, Wayne Cornelius, W. Heber Dithrich, and Walter J. Wilson, vice-presidents; George H. Clapp, secretary; Robert Trimble, treasurer. Officers of the board of managers are: Mrs. L. Halsey Williams, honorary president; Mrs. Henry R. Rea, honorary vice-president; Mrs. George L. Craig, president; Mrs. Frank Scott Willock, first vice-president; Mrs. William Marcelin Scaife, second vice-president; Mrs. Henry W. Wickenhiser, third vice-president; Mrs. B. Scott McFarland, fourth vicepresident; Mrs. Charles H. Little, treasurer; Miss Emily XK. Lippincott, recording secretary; Miss Anne Semple, corresponding secretary. The superintendent is Miss W. Maud Newman; assistant superintendent, Miss Clara L. Street. Officers of the active staff are: H. H. Meanor, M. D.. president; C. B. Forcey, M. D., vice-president; M. R. Feltwell, M. D., secretary and treasurer. In the first full year of operation, cost per capita was $2.45. Now it is $4.53. In that first full year there were 5609 bed days. For the past year total bed days were 16,677. The new hospital is to contain approximately 115 beds—the present one having only 57 beds. After moving into the new building, the present hospital building will be used for nurses’ dormitories and class rooms. SHRINERS’ HOSPITAL FOR CRIPPLED CHILDREN A tract of land comprising twelve acres was purchased in 1925 by Syria Improvement Association (the holding company for Syria Temple, A.A.O.N.M.S.) located on Stanton avenue, Pittsburgh, adjoining the Stantion Heights Golf Club, for a unit of the Shriners’ Hospitals for Crippled Children, which will be built as soon as money is available. The building depends entirely upon the income which the poard of trustees may receive from the Imperial Council. The income they are now receiving is only sufficient to operate the eleven hospital units that are now in existence. At present time, cases from this district are being treated at the Philadelphia unit of the Shriners’ Hospitals for Crippled Children, and also at the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh in Oakland and the Industrial Home for Crippled Children on Denniston Avenue. THE SOUTH SIDE HOSPITAL In April, 1889, a boy about sixteen fell from the second story window of his home and fractured his hip. Passersby carried him to the office of Dr. John Milton Duff. Dr. Duff had made frequent attempts to interest the people of the South Side in a general hospital, without success. After the boy had been treated and taken to his home, Drs. Duff, Thomas and Arnholt gathered a few of the prominent men of the neighborhood and they decided to rent a three story brick building with store front on South Twenty-second. street, a responsibility and on June 11, 1889, opened a hospital of thir--y beds. The officers for the new hospital were: Hon. Fred Gearing, president; Thomas Sankey, vice president; John Milton Duff, M. D., treasurer; Edgar A. Mundorf, secretary. The directors were: Hon. Fred Gearing, John E. Cook, Capt. A. E. Heisey, Martin Frank, James Felker, Dr. J. D. Thomas, Dr. Fred Koehler, Thomas Sankey, Dr. J. M. Duff, John Lewis, John Gray, Dr. M. A. Arnholt. J. O’Connor Campbell and Samuel Miller. At the directors’ meeting in October, 1889, it was reported that 75 patients had been cared for. By the end of June, 1891, over 1100 had been admitted and cared for and one-half of the patients seeking admission were turned away hecause of want of room to accommodate them. A charter was granted by the courts in 1890 in the name >f the South Side Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pa. On April 29, Ll peril amit Sma re ater a mm me 2 EB ed ean a eal 3 AT RB rit HA “F Fag se Sem nen re emir ta a EE South Side Hospital South Twentieth and Marv Streets 1891, at the request of the board of directors, three hundred women met in the Odd Fellows Hall, and organized the Ladies Aid Society of the South Side Hospital and this organization has been one of the greatest factors in the financial development of the institution. The work of the hospital grew so rapidly that in 1892 it was necessary to plan for a new building. The present site at South Twentieth, Mary and Jane streets, was selected and purchased for $20,000 and a $100,000 hospital built. The new hospital was ready for occupancy on December 1, 1893, and the description of it in the fifth annual report describes it as “the finest and most complete hospital in the State.” The bed capacity was seventy. In 1895 a training school for nurses was opened. In the report of Dr. A. J. Barchfeld, president of the board in 1903, he made an appeal to the public to help the hospital build a new wing and home for nurses. He says in this report, “The South Side Hospital is recognized as the only institution of its kind south of the Monongahela and Ohio rivers in Allegheny county, which territory contains a population of over 200,000 souls.” His appeal was answered by Mrs. Amelia N.S. Oliver and her children, Mrs. Amelia Neville Crittenden, Mrs. Frances Oliver Johnson, Mrs. Edith Oliver Dusmet and D. Leet Oliver, as a memorial to husband and father, the late James Brown Oliver. This building was opened in March, 1909. The old building now became the administration building, while the new Oliver Memorial Annex made it possible to care for over two hundred patients. With increased accommodations for patients, the need for a nurses’ home and pathological research laboratory was greater. The Laboratory, the gift of Nathaniel Holmes, was opened in 1910. In 1918 a nurses’ home at a cost of $63,000 was built. In 1914 the horse-drawn ambulance was replaced with an automobile ambulance. In 1917 a large solarium was arected on the roof of the Oliver Memorial Building by Mrs. Amelia N. S. Oliver and furnished by Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Crittenden. The first officers of the Ladies’ Aid Society were: Mrs. J. S. McMillin, president; Mrs. J. W. Riddle, vice president; Miss E. J. Wallace, vice president: Mrs. G. B. Sweeney, re cording secretary; Mrs. John Alldred, corresponding secrecary; Mrs. M. B. Redman, treasurer. The first money raised was $600 on subscription books; $600 was cleared at a lawn fete held August, 1891, at the residence of J. McD. Bryce, Mt. Oliver. A fair was held at the auditorium where over $8,-000 was cleared and a lawn fete at the Knox mansion, the residence of Mr. Grimes, enabled them to clear $1,000. The present valuation of land and buildings is upward of $1,000,000. There is a daily average of 151 patients, a 70 per cent of occupancy. The average stay of patients is 12 days. Charity work is 32%; 609, of the work is surgical. The hospital is greatly in need of enlargement, approximately 100 more private rooms being needed, and a drive for funds is now being formed. New buildings, which will bring the valuation of the property to $2,500,000, are required, and these buildings can be erected on ground already owned and adjoining the hospital. The lack of space for private rooms and for ward patients much handicaps the hospital. If the staff is to retain interest in the institution, there must be room to take care of their patients. A new obstetrical department, with an adequate nursery for babies, is needed, for present facilities are antiquated. Other needs are an enlargeed laboratory, additional X-ray rooms, operating rooms, dispensary for the out-patient department and additional space for nurses. The nurses’ school has greatly increased in the last *wo vears and now numbers 69 pupils. In the year ending May 31, 1926, the number of full-pay nospital days was 18,030; part-pay hospital days, 24.520: free hospital days, 17.674: total, 55.225. General officers are: J. E. Roth, president; Daniel Beech, vice president; James A. Henderson, treasurer; John Jenkins, secretary. Directors are: J. E. Roth, John M. Phillips, Dantel Beech, John Jenkins, John C. Dilworth, James A. Henderson, W. J. Crittenden, George H. Stengel, J. B. Yohe, Charles J. Moye, John F. Semmelrock, George M. Laughlin, Jr., A. W. Roberston, Charles A. Brooks. Harry W. Dunlop, one of the directors died recently. Dr. C. M. Thomas is President of the Medical Staff: Miss Jeannette L. Jones. R. N.. is superintendent. SUBURBAN GENERAL HOSPITAL On July 7, 1903, nine persons met at the office of Dr. W. W. McCleary in Bellevue, to discuss the propriety of establishing a hospital for the locality lying west of Allegheny City, embracing particularly the boroughs of Emsworth, Ben Avon, Avalon and Bellevue, but in general to serve all regardless of locality who may desire any treatment the hospital affords. On July 10, 1908, a permanent organization was effected by the election of the following directors and officers: Directors, L. K. Porter, W. W. McCleary, W. B. Kirker, Stephen Newburn, William Martin, W. P. Kuipers, W. H. S. Thomson, Alex. H. Hamilton and John Shannon. Officers: president, William Martin, vice president, L. K. Porter; secretary, W. W. McCleary, and treasurer, John Shannon. Suburban General Hospital was charted as a general hospital, for charitable purposes, to be supported by voluntary contributions. The charter provides for a school for nurses. The hospital is located in Bellevue, on what was commonly known as the James S. Brown property. This was purchased from the Dawson heirs for $15,000. It contained 314 acres, and a commodious frame dwelling of twelve rooms. The building was furnished and equipped for hospital purposes, capacity twenty beds. It was formally opened to the public September 14, 1904. The first staff physicians appointed were, Dr. W. W. McCleary, Dr. C. C. Croft, Dr. W. J. K. Snyder and Dr. John S. Donaldson. The first ambulance was presented to the hospital September, 1904, by W. B. Rodgers. The school for nurses was opened 1906 with two student nurses. The Ladies’ Advisory Board was organized in 1906 with twelve members. The first State appropriation was received in 1906. $6000. for two years. The rapid growth of the hospital service soon required a larger building. There were no funds available for building purposes. W. P. Fraser, of Ben Avon, was impressed by the work of the hospital and its worthy needs, and in 1911 he gave $35.000 for the erection of a new building. This is known as the Jane Fraser Memorial Building. It was presented to the public January, 1912. Capacity, sixty beds. Four years later a small addition was added to the building, making it a seventy bed hospital. For a number of years this hospital building not only took care of the sick and injured in the community but was the center of medical and nursing education of the North boroughs. In 1919 a separate three story brick building was erected. This contains a modern laundry, employees’ quarters and garage. In 1920 the hospital again outgrew its capacity. There were insufficient beds to take care of the sick in the community. The directors held a financial campaign in October, 1923, for funds to.build a new addition; $85,000 was subscribed. Of this $65,000 was received; $125,000 was issued in hospital bonds, and $100,000 sold to finance the new addition. This was opened September 6, 1926. Approximate cost $200,000. It is a modern fire proof structure, and contains thirty private rooms, three four bed wards and three bed wards, two childrens’ wards, nursery, sun-parlors, utility and service rooms, main kitchen and dining-rooms, power and refrigeration plant. The record of the hospital has been one of steady progress. From a twenty bed hospital to one hundred and twenty-five beds, of which fifty are private rooms. The present service of the Suburban General Hospital embraces the following: medical, surgical, obstetrical, eye, ear, nose and throat, and children’s diseases, with X-ray and pathological laboratories, dispensary and ambulance service. The hospital is a member of the American Hospital Association. It is approved by the American College of Surgeons and endorsed by the Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburgh. Twenty two thousand patients have been cared for by the hospital. The present assests are approximately $500,000 with a yearly expenditure of about $125,000. The personnel is composed of the following: thirty student nurses, four graduate nurse supervisiors, one night supervisor, one anaesthetist, one laboratory technician, a dietitian, directress of nurses, house-keeper, resident physician and student interne, bookkeeper, stenographer, engineer and twenty domestic employees. Report of the fiscal year 1926-1927 shows the following service: patients admitted, 1986; full pay days treatment, 13,-921; part pay days treatment, 503; free days treatment, 1788; total number of days treatment, 16,312; surgical operations, 026; anaesthetics, 827; laboratory examinations, 5530; obstetric cases, 189; X-ray examinations. 470: ambulance calls, 195; dispensary cases, 243. The board of directors are: president, M. J. Slattery, vicepresident, Robert A. McCrea; secretary, Alexander Stewart; treasurer, Peter Gray; W. B. Rodgers, R. L. Thompson, J. W. Vickerman, L. K. Porter, Edward Sutter, W. A. Jones, G. C. Gerwig, W. P. Fraser, A. G. Liddell and J. D. Hills, D. D. Eva M. Braun, R. N., is superintendent. The present staff doctors are: D. A. Atkinson, C. C. Croft, W. B. Denslow, R. E. Davison, J. S. Donaldson, A. H. Elliott, J. C. Gamble, A. H. Gross, J. C. Kelso, G. C. Kneedler, J. J. Kvatsak, D. G. Lerch, J. L. McBride, C. F. Metzger, C. K. Ownes, E. H. Ramsey, D. W. Seville, W. B. Shepard, E. H. Sloan, W. J. K. Snyder, E. L. Sutton, G. H. Walker, J. C. Welch, H. E. Woelfel, F. L. Schumacher and Zoe Allison Johnston. The Ladies Advisory Board has forty members. Mrs. Nellie E. Robertson is chairman. Their work has been crowned with great success. A large amount of money has been raised by them. The work of the Home and Hospital Club, the Jane Fraser Club, the Avalon Hospital and Relief Club, The West View Suburban Hospital Club, and other organizations and clubs in the North boroughs have aided greatly in advancing the hospital. The needs of the hospital constantly increase. There is still much to be done. The most urgent needs at present are a nurses’ home and an isolation building. The remarkable history and growth of Suburban General Hospital is an evidence of its high standing in the community it serves. It successful development is due to the public spirit and support. TUBERCULOSIS LEAGUE Many noted health authorities the world over agree that tuberculosis is the greatest single factor destructive of the the health of a city’s population. Up to the year 1906, Pitts- — ee i to sopra i STAN pms EES st RO A A a ep a Sl eT Proposed Building for the Tuberculosis League burgh was without a single weapon with which to fight this scourge; there was not even one bed available for caring for the sick consumptive. The death-rate was appalling. Most great movements owe their existence to the enthusiastic sponsorship of one individual. The Tuberculosis League of Pittsburgh owes its existence to one man’s personal realization of the sorrow tuberculosis can bring to a single *amily; this man, Otis H. Childs, decided that such a devastating disease should no longer be allowed full sway over the helpless lives of his fellow Pittshurghers. Early in 1906 he secured the co-operation of other far-sighted and humanitarian citizens such as R. B. Mellon, Edward A. Woods, H. K. Porter, J. M. Jenkinson, Robert L. Martin, and John Bindley, and the institution was organized and chartered under the name of the Pittsburgh Sanatorium. The original incorporation was to found and maintain an institution for the study, treatment and prevention of tuberculosis in man. Funds were to be secured by voluntary subscription. The name was subsequently changed to the Tuberculosis League of Pittsburgh, which opened its doors February 1, 1907, with five departments, including the hospital, dispensary, laboratory, educational and administrative divisions, all housed in theformer residence of William McConway on Bedford avenue at the top of Herron hill. Mr. McConway had generously offered the use of this large frame dwelling rent free for four years, if at the end of that period the League would purchase it. The hospital commenced with twenty beds, and increased its capacity to eighty the following year, with the erection of five “shacks.” These were donated by Wallace H. Rowe, Mrs. Alexander Laughlin, Jr., the Allegheny General Hospital, Mercy Hospital and West Penn Hospital. Two of these shacks are still in use. The hospital now has 110 beds. During the first year, 800 patients were examined by the dispensary department. Many of these were visited in their own homes by league nurses, who taught the sick consumptives how to care for themselves and to keep from infecting their families. Necessary supplies, such as sputum cups, gauze, and often milk and eggs were provided these patients. In the first annual report of the league, mention is made of 184 talks given by the league to the school children of the city. It is a source of gratification that the Tuberculosis League of Pittsburgh was one of the pioneers in establishing health talks in public and parochial schools. The scheme adopted was so successful that it was not only awarded an honor at the International Congress on Tuberculosis held in 1908, but adaptations of the Pittsburgh plan have been followed by many other cities. In addition to the hospital, dispensary and school work, six popular pamphlets dealing with tuberculosis were prepared, and thousands of copies distributed free. Considering the financial difficulties under which the new organization was laboring, all these achievements in the first year of its existence represented a tremendous amount of effort on the part of all connected with the institution. In September, 1908, the Tuberculosis League of Pittsburgh opened the second open air school in America. The school at first consisted of five children, all patients in the hospital; the teacher herself was a patient, teaching the children at first only half a day. Outside pupils were quickly added, making it necessary in 1909 to employ a full time teacher, whose salary the Civic Club paid for two years. Beginning in 1910 and continuing to the present time, the Board of Education supplied a fully qualified teacher, furnished an up-to-date school room, and books. The Ogontz Society has each year, contributed funds for the services ofa, full time nurse, and the League serves a hot noon-day lunch, with milk in the morning and afternoon. The day pupils are supplied with carfare, when necessary. There is a daily attendance of between 30 to 40. Children are recommended for admission by school doctors or nurses. Although these children are all predisposed to tuberculosis, in the 20 years of its existence, no graduate of this open air school has succumbed to the disease. As a result of this pioneer open air school, a number of others have been opened in various parts of the city, under Civic Club auspices, and then in each case taken over bv the Board of Education. With thousands coming to the dispensary for advice and treatment, it was found imperative in 1909 to erect a separate dispensary building. This was done with the assistance of the Dispensary Aid Society, a group of prominent young women. During the fifteen years of its existence, this one dispensary alone has given advice and furnished free treatment to approximately 30,000 people. In 1914 a power and service building was erected. Aside from housing the power plant, laundry, kitchen, etc., the upper floor of this building houses a well equipped laboratory which makes thousands of diagnostic analyses each year. The free public health library and the offices of the county director and of the educational director are also on the second floor of this building. The year 1917 saw the completion of a new building for women and children, which was badly needed. Aside from the forty-two beds on glass enclosed porches, the recreation rooms, ete., this building also houses the open air school. With the war came the problem of the tuberculous ex-service man. Our already overflowing hospital could not adequately house the consumptive soldiers who were coming to us. In 1920, through the efforts of a Pittsburgh paper, a fund was started to build a pavilion for the soldiers which was completed and dedicated in 1921. Three hundred and eighty men were hospitalized during the five years until the opening of the new government hospital at Aspinwall. This building is now used for men patients. About 1,500 ex-service men were also treated in the dispensaries during this period. . The Tuberculosis League of Pittsburgh has been conducting a drive for funds to build a new building to replace the old McConway residence, now very antiquated, a fire-trap, and impossible to keep in the hygienic condition necessary to a hospital. That building has been razed, and construction of the new building, which will cost about $600,000, is in progress. To briefly summarize the yearly work of the institution: the hospital last year cared for 370 bed patients, who spent a total of 45,094 bed-days in the institution; 36,366 of these bed days were entirely free of cost. In the main dispensary and five sub-dispensaries, 7,310 persons received free examination and. treatment, and 4,656 more were visited in their own homes by League nurses. The educational department gave 990 health lectures before various audiences, a total of about 100,000 persons hearing the talks. All the public and paro- chial schools in the city and many in the county were visited by a special worker who talked to the children and teachers. Public health nurses in training received special courses in tuherculosis, as did the medical students of the University of Pittsburgh. The county organizer visited 130 districts in Allegheny county and helped them with their health probtems. The health library served many people in the community as well as giving daily aid to the Tuberculosis League’s own staff. As a result of twenty years’ continuous struggle against tuberculosis, the mortality rate has been reduced in Pittsburgh from 146.2 per 100,000 population in 1908, to 73.3 in 1927, which means a saving of many hundreds of lives in this locality. Much ‘work still remains to be done, however, as the disease is preventable,and through health education and co-operation on the part of the public, this great scourge which last year killed over 1000 in Greater Pittsburgh may be wiped from the face of the earth. UNITED STATES MARINE HOSPITAL Pursuant to Act of Congress approved March 3, 1837, a board of Army medical officers was designated by the Secretary of War to select and recommend locations for Marine Hospitals. These recommendations were followed, with the exception that the hospital recommended for Wheeling, W. Va., was built instead at Pittsburgh, Pa. The site for the hospital in Pittsburgh was purchased in 1842 and was located on the Ohio river below Allegheny City. Building was not begun until 1845 and owing to the very small appropriation available, it was soon expended and work was interrupted until 1849. The building was completed in 1851. The location was unfortunate and the property was sold in 1875. The building had become dilapidated and unfit for the purpose, and the location of a blast furnace on one side of the grounds and a rolling mill on the other resulted in the hospital being filled with smoke and soot, whichever way the wind blew, and the noise was a great annoyance to the sick. [t was proposed to utilize the proceeds of the sale of the property toward the construction of a new hospital, of pavilion type of thirty bed capacity, with a small detached ward for treatment of patients with contagious diseases. The sale price was $57,554.57, and a new site was purchased for $30,000. By a decision of the Comptroller of the Treasury, the balance of the sale price of the old building could not be used for construction of a new building, so it was recommended that an appropriation be asked of Congress for construction. During the fiscal year 1881 an appropriation of only $7,000 became available for building a small cottage hospital. Considerable delay occurred in securing from the State Legislature a ceding of jurisdiction over the property. This was eventually secured, but the building was never built, and Mercy Hospital continued to care for service patients until the present hospital was opened. Meanwhile patients were being cared for under contract with the Pittsburgh Infirmary, and an out-patient office being rented in a building at Sixth and Smithfield streets. In 1884 the care of Service patients was transferred to Mercy Hospital, the cost being 94 cents a day. On March 13, 1891, fire destroyed the Germania Bank building at the corner of Wood and Diamond streets, in which the out-patient office of the service was located at the time. Everything was lost, including all previous records. Temporary office rooms were rented at 666 Wood street until March 7, 1892, when the out-patient office was moved to the Federal Building. On October 15, 1902, a commission was appointed to examine various sites offered for a Marine Hospital which was authorized by Act of Congress March 31, 1902. ‘The commission finally recommended the transfer to the Treasury Department of about five acres of the old Arsenal Reservation at Fortieth street and Penn avenue as a site for the hospital, and the transfer of this property was authorized by Act of Congress approved March 3, 1903, and consummated by William H. Taft as Secretary of War on the seventh of May, 1904. The boundaries of this parcel of land are described in the official transfer document as follows: “Beginning at a point where the northerly side of Penn avenue meets the westerly side of Fortieth street and running thence northwesterly along the westerly side of Fortieth street, 593 feet to the stake; thence southwesterly at right angles to Fortieth street 500 feet to the easterly side of Thirty-ninth street; thence southwesterly along the easterly side of Thirty-ninth street, 275 feet to the northly side of Penn avenue; thence along the northerly side of Penn avenue 592 feet to the place of beginning, containing not to exceed Ave acres.’ An appropriation of $125,000 was made available by Congress, and after some delay, occasioned by the opinion of the then Secretary of Treasury, Leslie M. Shaw, that there was not need for a Marine Hospital in Pittsburgh, bids were opened on August 20, 1908, and the contract for the building was awarded at a cost of $91,188, and the corner stone was laid December 16, 1980, the Association of Masters, Mates and Pilots performing the ceremony. The new hospital was opened on October 22, 1910. Four patients were transferred from Mercy Hospital; one too ill with typhoid fever to move was left there. Surgeon James A. Nydegger was in command at the time of opening. About August 1, 1915, patients were transferred to St. Francis Hospital and the Marine Hospital became a laboratory for the investigation of occupational diseases. It was reopened as a hospital on November 1, 1916, and has been so occupied to this date. The following have served in charge of the station: Name and Title From J. M. Stoner, Asst. Surgeon Dr. 8S. N. Pool C. B. Young Asst. Surgeon J. A. Nydegger, Asst. Surgeon B. W. Brown, Asst. Surgeon Edgar Strayer, 43st. Surgeon To Jan. 21, 1893 Feb. 13, 1893 March 11, 1893 May 2, 1894 Sept. 12, 1894 Sept. 12, 1894 Dec. 12, 1894 Eugene Wasdin, Asst. Surgeon C. H. Garner, Asst. Surgeon, (Temporary) G. L. Hays, Act. Asst. Surgeon July 8, 1897 C. T. Peckham, P. A. Surgeon March 18, 1898 May 19, 1899 H. C. Russell, Asst. Surgeon April 6, 1899 May 6, 1899 R. C. Craig, Act. Asst. Surgeon May 19, 1899 Dec. 2, 1901 £. W. Mead, Surgeon A. C. Smith, Surgeon March 18, 1898 Died January 15, 1909 by fall from horse. J. M. Gassaway, Surgeon, (Temp). 0. F. Konantz, Act. Asst. Surgeon J. A. Nydegger, Surgeon J. B. Stoner, Surgeon Robert Oleson, P. A. Surgeon J. W. Schereschensky, Surgeon J. B. Stoner, Surgeon H. B. Fralic, P. A. Surgeon C. H. Gardner, Senior Surgeon Jan. 9, 1909 Jan. 15, 1909 Jan. 15, 1909 March 18, 1909 March 19, 1909 May 3, 1911 May 3, 1911 April 10, 1915 April 10, 1915 July 22, 1915 July 22, 1915 Oct. 3, 1918 Dect. 3, 1918 April 30, 1920 April 80, 1920 May 1, 1922 M: To date The out-patient office went through vicissitudes of location during this time, but in September, 1925, was moved from the hospital where it had been from November 18, 1918, back to the Federal building, where newly renovated and equipped offices were ready for the purpose. UNITED STATES VETERANS’ HOSPITAL Pittsburgh may well point with pride to the new United States Veterans’ Hospital No. 103, Aspinwall, Pa. It is beautifully located at an elevation of nine hundred and forty feet, overlooking the Allegheny river as it winds its course to the Ohio. The advantage of this location is its pleasant isolation close to the city, yet removed from the beaten path. One feels somehow close to nature, which is a large factor in creating contentment. There is a tranquillity, beauty and quiet communication in the surroundings of green fields, splendid trees with its bird and small animal life, its clear atmosphere and sunlight, that combines an environment which promotes healthful improvement. No other government has provided such splendid system of relief and institutional care for its war veterans. This Government provides hospitals for the care of the tubercular, shell shock and mental, for general medical and surgical. In fact, institutions for the care of all classes of disabled ex-service men or women of all wars. The United States Veterans’ Hospital No. 103 at Aspinwall, Pa., is maintained by the United States Veterans’ Bureau for the care and treatment of ex-service men suffering from tuberculosis. The hospital was formally dedicated on July 25, 1925, under the auspices of the American Legion, at which time General Frank T. Hines, Director of the United States Veterans’ Bureau, United States Senator David A. Reed, and many prominent men and women of Pittsburghand vicinity, were present. The hospital was opened for the reception of patients on October 16, 1925. The construction itself consists of numerous buildings, large and small, of brick, tile and concrete, fireproof, situated on a tract of one hundred and forty-seven acres, composed of a main building, officers’ quarters, nurses’ home, attendants’ quarters, warehouse, garage, laundry, heating and engineering plant, sewer disposal plant with shops for engineers, carpenters, plumbers and painters, also a large recreational building consisting of an auditorium with a seating capacity of 400, a stage fully equipped with scenery, moving picture screen, booth and machine, school rooms, complete library and reading room, barber shop, canteen, occupational therapy, ete. It can never be said that the United States Government is either indifferent or negligent in caring for its disabled ex-service men, for besides compensation of service connected disabilities, it provides hospitalization for those who need it, free of charge, and a system of war risk insurance which is at actual cost. In devising a system of relief that has never been attempted or equaled anywhere before, the Veterans’ Bureau has spent approximately the staggering sum of $64,000,000 in hospital construction and the end has not yet been reached. Here, not only are disabled bodies rehabilitated, but the mentality is improved by maintaining a corps of aides who teach useful and diversional occupations as well as academic courses, and a library, which during the fiscal year just closed, had a circulation of 10,000 books of fiction and non-fiction. The plant is a model small borough with its water, sewer and lighting systems, fire and police departments, maintenance of buildings, roads, streets and grounds. It has a complete modern laundry, central heating and engineering plant, warehouse, retail and wholesale stores, garage and chauffeurs with transportation service. The hospital maintains a complete staff of full-time professional tuberculosis experts, roentgenologist, dentist, pathological and bacteriological laboratories, physiotherapy department, eye, ear, nose, and throat clinic, with consultants in all specialties, dietitians, aides, graduated, registered nurses, orderlies and attendants. In addition to a thoroughly complete professional operating staff and equipment, there is an administrative staff which includes the auditing and disbursing departments so that accounts may be paid immediately. The hospital is organized on strictly practical business principles and operates with its own individual budget. While the hospital is not yet completed, the unit operating paid 1618 vouchers, discounted its own accounts and by prompt payment a savings of $1404.07 was made besides ob-‘aining low and reasonable prices. The amount of allotment, salaries and expenses, for the fiscal year 1926, was $258,612; the amount of allotment, medical and hospital services, for the fiscal year 1926, was $167,-218, a total sum of $425,830, made available to the prosperity of Pittsburgh and vicinity. There is liberated from this Governmet activity, which includes compensation, salary and bureau expenses, approximately $40,000 monthly. The following represents the investments at this hospital: Land and improvements, $125,000; buildings and plants, $1,157,208.88; improvements and replacements, $28,805.32; equipment, $154,394.98; total, $1,465,409.18. The majority of the staff and personnel reside upon the station which has a total population of approximately four hundred and fifty to be provided for. The professional and administrative staffs consist of the following officers: Medical officer in charge, Dr. Henry Rolf Brown; clinical director, Dr. James M. McNall; business manager, Frank L. Payne; property custodian, Everett M. Aten; chief nurse, Florence H.Yeiter; chief dietitian, Elizabeth Rugh; occupational therapy director, Eunice M. Cates; chief engineer, Herbert L. McNulty; personnel officer, Murial A. Johnson; special disbursing agent, Nell M. Greely; auditor, Ina A. Gallagher; librarian, Ruby K. Ahern: pharmacist, James J. Deeney. THE WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL In 1847, after the people of Pittsburgh had for many years felt the need of a general hospital, several prominent citizens met in Odean Hall on Fourth avenue, in order that such an institution might come to be an actuality. A constitution was drafted, one extract from which will serve to show the ideals as expressed by its founders: “Resolved that in establishing a hospital we desire to make it a general one. We disclaim all sectarian preferences and cordially invite all of every sect and denomination to unite with us in founding one general hospital, which shall be worthy of our city and vicinity and the age in which we live.” The hospital, one of the three oldest in this city, was incorporated March 18, 1848, and by 1850 work was started on the building, the site being a twenty-two acre plot at Twenty eighth street, which had been donated by Harmer Denny. Captain and Mrs. Schenley. In March, 1853, the erecting and furnishing of the building was completed at a cost of approximately $40,000 and the hospital was opened for the reception of patients. During its first year 172 medical and surgical patients and 26 insane patients were admitted. Within one year the number of charity patients, particularly in the insane wards, had increased to the point where it was necessary to seek aid from the State for maintenance of these unfortunates. The ever increasing number of these patients soon overcrowded the hospital, thus making necessary the erection of a new building. The location that is now Dix. mont was chosen for this purpose and in 1862 the structure was sufficiently completed that all the insane patients were transferred. About this time, the exigencies of the Civil War became so real and pressing that the management tendered the Government the free use of the hospital and its grounds, so that the sick and wounded of that terrible conflict migat have the proper care. Immediately after the Civil War the hospital resumed its former activities, having performed a national service and receiving the thanks of the nation. From 1862 until 1910, in addition to hospital services, it served the community by distributing coal to the needy poor under the Brewer and Crawford funds, for which it was trustee. The hospital at Twenty-eighth street and that at Dix mont continued under one general board of managers, with distinct executive committees, until July 27, 1907, when both institutions were granted new charters by the Legislature. The parent hospital retained the name of The Western Pennsylvania Hospital, while the other became the Dixmont Hospital for the Insane. With rapid growth of the city population, the hospital had to be enlarged from time to time. the cost of these additions being generally met by the managers themselves and their friends, with occasional aid from the State. But in spite of the fact that the old building was constantly improved it gradually began toshow its age, was expensive to keep up, and a constant source of complaint by patients and their friends on account of its remoteness from the street cars and the fatiguing hill to be climbed, to say nothing of its being no longer adapted to modern scientific treatments. After mature deliberation it was decided to build upon a new site. The old athletic field of the Pittsburgh High School, facing Friendship park, containing about three and one-half acres, was purchased in the fall of 1906, and upon this ground was erected the present structure which conforms in every way to the needs of a modern hospital, both as regards sanitary arrangements and scientific equipment. The matter of financing the construction of the new building was a problem which presented many difficulties, but the outcome of the project did not remain long in doubt, for the well-wishers of the institution responded readily. On January 1, 1912, the new plant was formally opened and a public inspection invited. This invitation brought forth a remarkable response, it being estimated that from 15,000 to 20,000 persons viewed the hospital on the afternoon of that New Year's day. Two months were occupied in installing the equipment, furniture and necessary supplies, and on March 11, 1912, the 219 patients in the old buildings, with the nurses and employees, were transferred without accident to the new hospital, which had cost somewhat over a million dollars to erect and equip. In its first year in the new building the hospital admitted 5,570 patients, while during the fiscal year, which ended May 31, 1927, there were 9,846 admissions. During the seventynine years of the hospitals existence 208,703 patients have been admitted for treatment. The nurses were housed in quarters in the power building and in six private houses in the neighborhood. This was most unsatisfactory, and the need for a nurses’ dormitory became more pressing each year. However, it was not until the early part of 1920 that the hospital felt financially able to undertake the project. In March of that year a plot of ground fac- ing Friendship park and extending from Millvale avenue to Gross street was purchased for this purpose. Upon it was erected a fire-proof, six story brick building, having 250 individual rooms with hot and cold running water, adequate bath and toilet facilities, a large auditorium, library, sun porches and roof garden. An underground passage connects it with the hospital. The building was completed and ready ‘or occupancy May 1, 1923, at a cost, with furnishings, approximating $671,000. With the passing of the years and the growth of the hospital, the need for expansion in the laboratory was felt to such a Jegree that in 1925 the board of directors set itself the task of raising funds for this purpose. A semi-public appeal followed which met with such a whole-hearted and generous response from friends and well-wishers of the institution, that the new laboratories wing became a certainty. The contract for erection was let in February, 1926, and the new building, which stands upon the site orginally intended for a nurses’ home, was officially opened October 20, 1927. This new plant brings together all the various laboratory activities of the hospital and contains the departments of pathology, bio-chemistry, bacteriology, diagnostic X-ray, deep therapy, physiotherapy and electrocardiograph. There is a new metabolic pavilion and kitchen, and a new children’s pavilion entirely separate from other activities. Thirty-four private rooms have also been included, the income from which will aid in maintaining these laboratories and in providing for the necessary research work. With these additional accommodations for patients. the hospital's capacity is 600 beds. The present officers and directors of the hospital are: Officers: James R. Mellon, president; James D. Hailman, first vice-president; James W. Macfarlane, M. D., second vicepresident; George D. Edwards, treasurer; C. W. Orwig, assistant treasurer; M. H. Eichenlaub, secretary; Henry G. Wasson, solicitor; Fidelity Title and Trust Co., custodian. Directors— Wilson S. Arbuthnot, Charles D. Armstrong, Michael L. Benedum, Arthur E. Braun, George S. Davison, George D. Edwards, A. Rex Flinn, John G. Frazer, James D. Hailman. Howard Heinz, James H. Lockhart, Albert J. Lo- gan, James W. Macfarlane, M.D., James R. Mellon, Mrs. W. H. Normecutt, C. C. Sandels, M. D., Henry G. Wasson, John S. Weller, Mrs. John Woodwell. ZOAR HOME AND MATERNITY HOSPITAL Zoar Home, with its 6 acres of ground, is beautifully situated upon the slopes of Allison Park (Greater Pittsburgh) Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. The commodious main building, flanked by the beautiful nurses’ home, isolation building and laundry, attracts ready attention. Its primary object is to save children and to give these tiny waifs a chance in life. Its mission is unique in charitable institutions, in that no woman or child is turned from its doors if they are in need of sympathetic help. Babies and cases which other hospitals must refuse, are welcomed here, and the great Christian heart of the institution goes out to the unfortunate mothers (married and unmarried) who seek the sheltering care which the home affords. It welcomes all, without regard to race, color or creed, realizing that its work is done in the name of Him who “made of one blood all the nations of the earth,” and the only password of admission is the need of the care and ministrations for which the home was founded. Religious services are held in the chapel every Sabbath afternoon, conducted by ministers of the various denominations in the neighborhood, thus sustaining the Christian atmosphere in the home, as well as impressing those whose religious life has been sadly neglected and adding new courage and hope to those who have known better things. Zoar Home is a nonsectarian institution with lofty Christian ideals. It is supported by the charitable public because of its high character and splendid work. It is doing work that few institutions care to do, and doing it in a spirit of unselfishness; it is doing it because the saving of a child’s life is worth while; they believe that a child with such handicaps as children have that enter the Home should have chance for life and health—God’s great gift to humanity. They believe that a child is the nation’s chief asset, and that the saving of the life of a child is a service well worthy of the affort. 7 oar Home for Mothers. Babies and Convalescents, Allison Park, (Greater Pittsburgh), Pa. The Zoar Home has a social department, and guests and children have to apply to this department when, so far, no other organization has made a thorough investigation of their need of shelter. It co-operates with different welfare organizations in this work. Children who can be placed in private homes for adoption are under the strict supervision of the home’s physicians before being allowed to leave the institution. A training school for nurses was established the second year of the institution’s existence for the purpose of training young women to care for these little lives in a scientific manner. A staff of physicans co-operate with the management of the Institution to further this most needed work. Since the opening of the home in 1915 to January 1, 1928, it sheltered 2,079 infants. Mrs. E. Schmitz is the manager. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK AT PITTSBURGH a CHE or — Financial business of every kind is handled by the experts of the First National Bank at Pittsburgh. Its facilities cover every department of domestic and foreign banking, and its officers give their advice as freely and as cheerfully to the person who opens a small savings account as to the treasurer of a great corporation, whose financial dealings are large and comprehensive. This institution has established direct banking connections in all parts of the World, which are a great convenience in the handling of documents pertaining to Foreign Commercial Transactions. All branches of International Banking are completely covered by our facilities. We issue drafts and make payments in all parts of the World. We handle Trade and Bankers’ Acceptances. All languages are spoken in this department. Officers of this institution are trained bankers with a wide experience, and its directors are successful men in a large variety of enterprises, affording a broad scope of business knowledge. Capital. . . ... Surplus. Undivided Profits and Reserves. .... ... Deposits. ...... Total Resources. $6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 2,110,780.65 75,534,434.81 96,82'7.,4'75.87 DIRECTORS RoserT WarDroP, Chairman of the Board P. W. Morecax, Vice Chairman of the Board FRANK F. BROOKS oooeoo ooo eeeeeeneenen President E. M. BYERS. Chairman of the Board, A. M. Byers Co. W. L. CLAUSE.................Chairman of the Board, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. W. D. GEORGE. joeoooieis eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenereneeoeooeoeononReald Estste J. H. HiLuman, Jr... Chairman of the Board, Hillman Coal & Coke Co. A. L. HUMPHREY............ weweePresident, Westinghouse Airbrake Co. D. T. Layman, Jr... cereeeeee Henry Phipps Estate FH. LLoYDeoooooe ccermrnennnneeeennnnnn REGED Merchant A. M. MORELAND. ...ooooiooe weer Retired Manufacturer P. W. MoreaN................... President, First National Bank, W. ilmerding, Pa. GEORGE E. PAINTER co... «ooceuneeeene Vice President, Union Storage Co. E. W. PARGNY...cooeeeonnnn. President, American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. Wu. A. RENSHAW... Vice President, Kuhn-Renshaw, Inc. A. C. ROBINSON............cooccun....... President, Peoples Savings € Trust Company [ssac M. SCOTT. President, Wheeling Steel Corporation CrypE C. TAYLOR ooo. Vice-President and Cashier VERNON F. TAYLOR... Banker and Oil Operator, Indiana, Pa. Benjamin Teaw wensrsenenenee Lr US ECE, Thaw Estate Rosert WaRrDROP. Director of Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and Vice-President, Peoples Savings & Trust Co. E. T. WHITER .......ccconeunnrnnneen.. Vice-President, Pittsburgh, Penna. R. R. Co. Joun M. WILSON .................... President, National Supply Co., Pittsbureh, Pa. OFFICERS Frank EF. Brooks... CLype C. TaYLOR....... J. HowarD ARTHUR... Henry K. HOLMES. ... Wirriam H. FAwcETT Tuomas B. Hupson....... Grier C. Orr. Jorn DEM. WERTs........ Oscar WILSON... Ww. J. Frank... vee President Vice President and Cashier Vice-President Assistant to the President ean Assistant Cashier ceeeeeneen Assistant Cashier Assistant Cashier Assistant Cashier Assistant Cashier Manager Foreign Department PW. DAHINDEN coon Assistant Manager Foreign Department aul ForD...... on Ascistant Manager Foreign Department FIRST NATIONAL BANK AT PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA FIFTH AVENUE AND WOOD STREET CONVENIENT EOR YOU LTTE fr fig a £5. 3 8 ii £ oO z N wo LS) 0 (HY > 1 A) pai ab vy 3 -1 o 2 0 oD A) = 1 2 rd D ‘J 2 ~J > ~J 0 oo 3 3 type of thirty bed capacity, with a small detached ward for treatment of patients with contagious diseases. The sale price was $57,554.57, and a new site was purchased for $30,000. By a decision of the Comptroller of the Treasury, the balance of the sale price of the old building could not be used for construction of a new building, so it was recommended that an appropriation be asked of Congress for construction. During the fiscal year 1881 an appropriation of only $7,000 became available for building a small cottage hospital. Considerable delay occurred in securing from the State Legislature a ceding of jurisdiction over the property. This was eventually secured, but the building was never built, and Mercy Hospital continued to care for service patients until the present hospital was opened. Meanwhile patients were being cared for under contract with the Pittsburgh Infirmary, and an out-patient office being rented in a building at Sixth and Smithfield streets. In [884 the care of Service patients was transferred to Mercy Hospital, the cost being 94 cents a day. On March 13, 1891, fire destroyed the Germania Bank building at the corner of Wood and Diamond streets, in which the out-patient office of the service was located at the time. Everything was lost, including all previous records. Temporary office rooms were rented at 666 Wood street until March 7, 1892, when the out-patient office was moved to the Federal Building. On October 15, 1902, a commission was appointed to examine various sites offered for a Marine Hospital which was authorized by Act of Congress March 81, 1902. The commission finally recommended the transfer to the Treasury Department of about five acres of the old Arsenal Reservation at Fortieth street and Penn avenue as a site for the hospital, and the transfer of this property was authorized by Act of Congress approved March 3, 1908, and consummated by William H. Taft as Secretary of War on the seventh of May, 1904. The boundaries of this parcel of land are described in the official transfer document as follows: “Beginning at a point where the northerly side of Penn avenue meets the westerly side of Fortieth street and running thence northwesterly along the westerly side of Fortieth + 0 3 3 * 7 > © ® Q © 8) rey