CHAP. 1] THE DOMINION OF CANADA 711 
liability for injuries to their employees! It was argued on 
behalf of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company that 
this was essentially a matter to be governed by provincial 
legislation, but it was held by both Courts that the legislation 
was within the power of the Dominion, which alone could 
make a law for the whole Dominion, and that it was both 
reasonable and convenient that the Dominion Parliament 
should have such power, thus preventing difference of 
treatment according to the locality in which an accident 
to an employee took place. 
Another instance of the same question is afforded by the 
case of the Toronto Corporation v. Canadian Pacific Railway 
Company? Under the Railway Act of Canada, the Railway 
Committee of the Privy Council was empowered to require, 
where it thought fit, that crossings should be protected either 
by gates or by the building of bridges and so forth, and it 
was also enacted that the Dominion could apportion between 
the railway company and other persons interested the cost 
of such protection. Accordingly the Railway Committee 
did apportion the cost between the railway company and 
the Corporation of Toronto, and the corporation protested on 
the ground that it had no authority to make payments save 
under the Provincial Acts regulating it. But it was held 
both by the Supreme Court of Canada? and by the Privy 
Council that the power given by the Dominion Act was 
intra vires and was effective, even if the municipality was 
not physically adjacent to the railway. 
Subsection 10 (c) of s. 92 gives the Dominion power to 
legislate with regard to such works as, though wholly situate 
within the province, are before or after their execution 
declared to be for the general advantage of Canada or for 
t Grand Trunk Railway Co. v. Attornen-General of Canada. [1907] 
A.C. 65. 
* [1908] A. C. 54. 
* The City of Toronto v. Grand Trunk Railway Co, 378. C. R. 232; cf. 25 
0. A. R. 65. 
* The City of Carleton v. The County of Ottawa, 41 8. C. R. 552. On the 
power of Canada to take over provincial railways under s. 92 (10). see 
Lefroy, op. cit., pp. 603-5.