CHAP. 1] THE DOMINION OF CANADA 763 
while as the rest of the territory of the Hudson’s Bay Com- 
bany was not to be made into a province, there was only 
the most doubtful power for the Dominion to legislate : the 
Crown might indeed, in the ideas of that day, by the preroga- 
tive annex territories to a Colony, and the Dominion was no 
doubt a Colony, but the Dominion had been defined by an 
Imperial Act, and the legislative powers of the Dominion 
were definitely powers to be shared with a Provincial Legis- 
lature, so that there were any number of doubts possible as 
to the validity of the position if the Parliament were not 
given fresh powers. This was done by an Imperial Act of 
1871, which ratified the Acts 2 of Canada for the government 
of the territories and of Manitoba, and gave to the constitution 
of the province, and of any further provinces which it em- 
powered the Dominion Parliament to form out of surrendered 
lands, permanence by forbidding alteration by the Dominion 
Parliament, except with the consent of the Legislature of 
the province, by way of increasing or diminishing or altering 
the territory and making consequential. changes of law. 
The Act also empowers the Parliament to legislate for the 
Peace, order, and good government of any territory included 
in the boundaries of the federation. Finally, it authorized 
the providing of representation in the Parliament of such 
Dew provinces as might be created. An Act of 18863 allowed 
the representation in the Parliament of the territories before 
they were made provinces. Senators were added also under 
the terms of the agreement with British Columbia, though 
that was not specially contemplated in the British North 
America Act. 
§ 10. THE TERRITORIES 
The power to legislate for the territories is derived from 
the Act of 1871, and its pervading character was declared 
by the Privy Council in the case of Riel v. Regt The power 
has been exercised in many different forms, and the remaining 
' 34 & 35 Vict. ¢. 28; Provincial Legislation, 1867-95, pp. 8-11. 
* 32 & 33 Vict. c. 3; 33 Vict. c. 3. See Canada Sess. Pap. 1871, No. 20. 
* 49 & 50 Viet. c. 35, confirming the Canadian Act, 49 Vict. ¢. 24, 
10 App. Cas. 675.