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INDIA

by the Khan of Kalat, and within the area so held lies Quetta
and Peshin, with all those defensive works which protect
the road to India from the side of Kandahar ; but beyond
this recognised province under British administration, the
whole of Baluchistan, from the borderland of Persia to
the boundaries of Afghanistan and the Gomal River, is
directly subject to British jurisdiction. Not so very long
ago the Khan of Kalit was deposed by the Indian
Government for certain atrocious crimes, and the reigning
Khan installed in his place. The south-western province
of Las Bela loyally recognises British supremacy. In a
bright little garden, not far from the ancient capital of
that small state, is the tomb of Sir Robert Sandeman, the
man who first brought Baluchistan under British rule,
and developed the dormant capabilities of that country
antil the Baluch wilderness became green with crops
and orchards. No impress on the land could have been
made more significant of British supremacy to the eyes of
the natives of Baluchistan than this shrine (for it is already
recognised as a sacred place for pilgrimage) of the dead
« Feringhi,” whom they not only honoured, but loved.
In the outlying districts of wild Makran, bordering the
Arabian Sea, there is at present no direct and visible
political authority ; but it can hardly be long before this
one-time highway into India from the trade centres of
Khorasan, as well as the sandy steppes which lie to the
north bordering the Helmund, are brought directly under
the eye of the British political officer. The appointment
of a consul for Seistan will, in fact, seal the fate of South-Western
 Baluchistan, so far as its absolute independence
is concerned.
Kalat, and all the smaller native states which comprise
 Baluchistan, are just as much under the supreme
control of the Indian Government as are any of the native
states of Central India. The old rough and ready
systems of administration, which were at first best suited
to the idiosyncrasies of the wild border clans, are already
giving place to the exacter and more rigid methods of
civil « Regulations.” The injured tribesman now fights his