THE RESULTS OF THE POLICY. #5

warning of the United States and find some way
before it is too late to curb the capital powers and
statutory rights of these large combines. Now,
when Imperial preferences were formerly tried by
Great Britain, we know that smuggling in order to
obtain the preference was extensive. If it was
possible to ship timber in 1842 from Norway to
Canada and back to England as Canadian timber,
in 1904 it would be simple to smuggle United States
produce over any part of 4,000 miles of frontier,
to the great advantage of the railway companies
concerned.
With regard to the bonding privileges, so far as
the authors could find evidence on this topic, more
wheat is sent during the summer months from the
United States to Montreal than is sent from Canada
to Boston, New York, or down the Mississippi to
New Orleans in winter. There is necessarily no
fixed ratio where every exporter is endeavouring to
find cars and ships to market his wares quickly and
cheaply. But most people seem to agree that any
disturbance of the bonding privilege would hurt the
United States at least as much as Canada. This,
however, goes for very little, as the United States
takes nothing lying down, and if the preference hit
them they would fight. What, then, would happen ?
At all periods of the year Canada would to some
extent be crippled, for the outlets for wheat, and,
consequently, transportation competition would be
diminished, to the benefit, of course, of the Canatlian,
railway companies, as far as Canadian produce
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